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Sulfonated Polyimide Membranes Derived from a Novel Sulfonated Diamine with Pendant Benzenesulfonic Acid for Fuel Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Khurram Liaqat

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan)

  • Srosh Fazil

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan)

  • Wajid Rehman

    (Department of Chemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan)

  • Shaukat Saeed

    (Department of Chemistry, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Farid Menaa

    (Co-Pionneers of Spectro-Fluor™ (aka Carbone-Fluorine Spectroscopy), Fluorotronics-CIC, Inc., San Diego, CA 92037, USA)

  • Syed Asim Hussain Shah

    (Department of Physics and Chemistry, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Nawaz

    (Department of Chemistry, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Airport Road Baleli, Quetta 87100, Pakistan)

  • Walaa Naji Alharbi

    (Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia)

  • Bouzid Menaa

    (Co-Pionneers of Spectro-Fluor™ (aka Carbone-Fluorine Spectroscopy), Fluorotronics-CIC, Inc., San Diego, CA 92037, USA)

  • Muhammad Farooq

    (Department of Physics, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan)

Abstract

For improving the hydrolytic stability of sulfonated polyimides consisting of five membered anhydrides, novel sulfonated polyimides (NSPIs) were prepared via polymerization of 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), with a novel diamine monomer with a pendant sulfonic acid group and 4,4-oxydianiline. Water uptake of this NSPI with an excellent film-forming ability was almost equal to that of Nafion ® 117, while their ion exchange capacity (IEC) was 22% higher than Nafion ® 117. The loss in weight decreased by 53% and loss in IEC decreased by 66% compared to that of Nafion ® 117; both were used to quantitatively measure hydrolytic stability, and radical oxidative stability also increased by 75% when compared with Nafion ® 117. Mechanically, this NSPI was superior, and its proton conductivity was higher than Nafion ® 117 at elevated temperatures. All these improvements were due to the introduction of this pendant group. Taken together, we herein report a promising renewable energy source based on SPIs capable of displaying proton conductivity and enhanced hydrophilicity.

Suggested Citation

  • Khurram Liaqat & Srosh Fazil & Wajid Rehman & Shaukat Saeed & Farid Menaa & Syed Asim Hussain Shah & Muhammad Nawaz & Walaa Naji Alharbi & Bouzid Menaa & Muhammad Farooq, 2021. "Sulfonated Polyimide Membranes Derived from a Novel Sulfonated Diamine with Pendant Benzenesulfonic Acid for Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:19:p:6050-:d:641126
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sharaf, Omar Z. & Orhan, Mehmet F., 2014. "An overview of fuel cell technology: Fundamentals and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 810-853.
    2. Wang, Yun & Chen, Ken S. & Mishler, Jeffrey & Cho, Sung Chan & Adroher, Xavier Cordobes, 2011. "A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 981-1007, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Frank Gambou & Damien Guilbert & Michel Zasadzinski & Hugues Rafaralahy, 2022. "A Comprehensive Survey of Alkaline Electrolyzer Modeling: Electrical Domain and Specific Electrolyte Conductivity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-20, May.

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