IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i17p5419-d626141.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Review of Fully Integrated and Embedded Power Converters for IoT

Author

Listed:
  • Anna Richelli

    (Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
    The authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Mohamed Salem

    (School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
    The authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Luigi Colalongo

    (Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
    The authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has found application in many components of implantable medical devices, wearable smart devices, monitoring systems, etc. The IoT devices are conventionally battery powered, even though, in several low power applications, they can also be powered using energy harvesting technology. Independently of the power sources (if batteries or environment), efficient and robust power converters must be designed to provide the small and distributed energy required by such IoT devices. This review paper will first provide an overview about the power consumption in IoT devices; second, it will discuss the most recent research and advance in the field of fully-integrated or embedded DC/DC converters, starting from high-performance integrated charge pumps or embedded inductive boost converters for specific harvesting sources (temperature, solar, and so on), to novel DC/DC converters for multiple energy sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Richelli & Mohamed Salem & Luigi Colalongo, 2021. "A Review of Fully Integrated and Embedded Power Converters for IoT," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:17:p:5419-:d:626141
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/17/5419/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/17/5419/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alencar Franco de Souza & Fernando Lessa Tofoli & Enio Roberto Ribeiro, 2021. "Switched Capacitor DC-DC Converters: A Survey on the Main Topologies, Design Characteristics, and Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-33, April.
    2. Naser Hossein Motlagh & Mahsa Mohammadrezaei & Julian Hunt & Behnam Zakeri, 2020. "Internet of Things (IoT) and the Energy Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-27, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Anna Richelli, 2021. "Current Research on Embedded DC/DC Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-2, September.
    2. Khaled A. Mahafzah & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & M. A. Hannan & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Nnamdi Nwulu, 2023. "A New Cuk-Based DC-DC Converter with Improved Efficiency and Lower Rated Voltage of Coupling Capacitor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Aneesh A. Chand & Maria Malvoni & Kushal A. Prasad & Kabir A. Mamun & F.R. Islam & Shauhrat S. Chopra, 2020. "Distributed Energy Resources and the Application of AI, IoT, and Blockchain in Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, November.
    2. Athanasios Tsipis & Asterios Papamichail & Ioannis Angelis & George Koufoudakis & Georgios Tsoumanis & Konstantinos Oikonomou, 2020. "An Alertness-Adjustable Cloud/Fog IoT Solution for Timely Environmental Monitoring Based on Wildfire Risk Forecasting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-35, July.
    3. Aline V. C. Pereira & Marcelo C. Cavalcanti & Gustavo M. Azevedo & Fabrício Bradaschia & Rafael C. Neto & Márcio Rodrigo Santos de Carvalho, 2021. "A Novel Single-Switch High Step-Up DC–DC Converter with Three-Winding Coupled Inductor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-17, October.
    4. Abdul Hasib Siddique & Mehedi Hasan & Sharnali Islam & Khalid Rashid, 2021. "Prospective Smart Distribution Substation in Bangladesh: Modeling and Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-20, September.
    5. Germán Arana-Landín & Naiara Uriarte-Gallastegi & Beñat Landeta-Manzano & Iker Laskurain-Iturbe, 2023. "The Contribution of Lean Management—Industry 4.0 Technologies to Improving Energy Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-19, February.
    6. M. Usman Saleem & Mustafa Shakir & M. Rehan Usman & M. Hamza Tahir Bajwa & Noman Shabbir & Payam Shams Ghahfarokhi & Kamran Daniel, 2023. "Integrating Smart Energy Management System with Internet of Things and Cloud Computing for Efficient Demand Side Management in Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-21, June.
    7. Robert Stala & Adam Piłat & Maciej Chojowski & Mikołaj Skowron & Szymon Folmer, 2022. "Thermal and Electric Parameter Analysis of DC–DC Module Based on Resonant Switched Capacitor Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-15, September.
    8. Abdullah Addas & Muhammad Nasir Khan & Fawad Naseer, 2024. "Waste management 2.0 leveraging internet of things for an efficient and eco-friendly smart city solution," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(7), pages 1-23, July.
    9. Joaquim Amândio Azevedo & Filipe Edgar Santos, 2021. "A More Efficient Technique to Power Home Monitoring Systems Using Controlled Battery Charging," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    10. Akhil Joseph & Patil Balachandra, 2020. "Energy Internet, the Future Electricity System: Overview, Concept, Model Structure, and Mechanism," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-26, August.
    11. Sheeraz Kirmani & Abdul Mazid & Irfan Ahmad Khan & Manaullah Abid, 2022. "A Survey on IoT-Enabled Smart Grids: Technologies, Architectures, Applications, and Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-26, December.
    12. Olga Pilipczuk, 2020. "Sustainable Smart Cities and Energy Management: The Labor Market Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.
    13. Zhihui He & Lei Ning & Baihui Jiang & Jiajia Li & Xin Wang, 2023. "Vehicle Intersections Prediction Based on Markov Model with Variable Weight Optimization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    14. Fahad M. Almasoudi, 2023. "Grid Distribution Fault Occurrence and Remedial Measures Prediction/Forecasting through Different Deep Learning Neural Networks by Using Real Time Data from Tabuk City Power Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, January.
    15. Shivaji Karad & Ritula Thakur, 2021. "Efficient monitoring and control of wind energy conversion systems using Internet of things (IoT): a comprehensive review," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(10), pages 14197-14214, October.
    16. Radu Lupu & Adrian Cantemir Călin & Cristina Georgiana Zeldea & Iulia Lupu, 2021. "Systemic Risk Spillovers in the European Energy Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-23, October.
    17. Jinjing An & Guoping Chen & Zhuo Zou & Yaojie Sun & Ran Liu & Lirong Zheng, 2021. "An IoT-Based Traceability Platform for Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, May.
    18. Rubens A. Fernandes & Raimundo C. S. Gomes & Ozenir Dias & Celso Carvalho & Israel G. Torné & Jozias P. Oliveira & Carlos T. C. Júnior, 2022. "A Retrofit Strategy for Real-Time Monitoring of Building Electrical Circuits Based on the SmartLVGrid Metamodel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-31, December.
    19. Fernanda Moura Quintão Silva & Menaouar Berrehil El Kattel & Igor Amariz Pires & Thales Alexandre Carvalho Maia, 2022. "Development of a Supervisory System Using Open-Source for a Power Micro-Grid Composed of a Photovoltaic (PV) Plant Connected to a Battery Energy Storage System and Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-22, November.
    20. Dhesigen Naidoo & Luxon Nhamo & Shenelle Lottering & Sylvester Mpandeli & Stanley Liphadzi & Albert T. Modi & Cristina Trois & Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, 2021. "Transitional Pathways towards Achieving a Circular Economy in the Water, Energy, and Food Sectors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:17:p:5419-:d:626141. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.