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Optimal Allocation and Operation of Droop-Controlled Islanded Microgrids: A Review

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  • Maen Z. Kreishan

    (Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK)

  • Ahmed F. Zobaa

    (Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK)

Abstract

This review paper provides a critical interpretation and analysis of almost 150 dedicated optimization research papers in the field of droop-controlled islanded microgrids. The significance of optimal microgrid allocation and operation studies comes from their importance for further deployment of renewable energy, reliable and stable autonomous operation on a larger scale, and the electrification of rural and isolated communities. Additionally, a comprehensive overview of islanded microgrids in terms of structure, type, and hierarchical control strategy was presented. Furthermore, a larger emphasis was given to the main optimization problems faced by droop-controlled islanded microgrids such as allocation, scheduling and dispatch, reconfiguration, control, and energy management systems. The main outcome of this review in relation to optimization problem components is the classification of objective functions, constraints, and decision variables into 10, 9 and 6 distinctive categories, respectively, taking into consideration the multi-criteria decision problems as well as the optimization with uncertainty problems in the classification criterion. Additionally, the optimization techniques used were investigated and identified as classical and artificial intelligence algorithms with the latter gaining popularity in recent years. Lastly, some future trends for research were put forward and explained based on the critical analysis of the selected papers.

Suggested Citation

  • Maen Z. Kreishan & Ahmed F. Zobaa, 2021. "Optimal Allocation and Operation of Droop-Controlled Islanded Microgrids: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-45, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:15:p:4653-:d:605862
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    Cited by:

    1. Maen Z. Kreishan & Ahmed F. Zobaa, 2023. "Scenario-Based Uncertainty Modeling for Power Management in Islanded Microgrid Using the Mixed-Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-30, May.
    2. Md Masud Rana & Mohamed Atef & Md Rasel Sarkar & Moslem Uddin & GM Shafiullah, 2022. "A Review on Peak Load Shaving in Microgrid—Potential Benefits, Challenges, and Future Trend," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Maen Z. Kreishan & Ahmed F. Zobaa, 2022. "Mixed-Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization of Dump Load Allocation with Improved Islanded Microgrid Load Flow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-30, December.
    4. Upasana Lakhina & Nasreen Badruddin & Irraivan Elamvazuthi & Ajay Jangra & Truong Hoang Bao Huy & Josep M. Guerrero, 2023. "An Enhanced Multi-Objective Optimizer for Stochastic Generation Optimization in Islanded Renewable Energy Microgrids," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-24, April.
    5. Hamdi Abdi, 2022. "A Brief Review of Microgrid Surveys, by Focusing on Energy Management System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    6. Yousef Asadi & Mohsen Eskandari & Milad Mansouri & Andrey V. Savkin & Erum Pathan, 2022. "Frequency and Voltage Control Techniques through Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-29, November.
    7. Mohammad Javad Bordbari & Fuzhan Nasiri, 2024. "Networked Microgrids: A Review on Configuration, Operation, and Control Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-28, February.

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