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Characterization of TSO and DSO Grid System Services and TSO-DSO Basic Coordination Mechanisms in the Current Decarbonization Context

Author

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  • Ricardo Silva

    (INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Everton Alves

    (INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Ricardo Ferreira

    (INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • José Villar

    (INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Clara Gouveia

    (INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

Abstract

Power systems rely on ancillary services (ASs) to ensure system security and stability. Until recently, only the conventional power generation resources connected to the transmission grids were allowed to provide these ASs managed by the transmission system operators (TSOs), while distribution system operators (DSOs) had a more passive role, focused on guaranteeing distribution capacity to bring power to final consumers with enough quality. Now, with the decarbonization, digitalization and decentralization processes of the electrical networks, the growing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution grids are displacing conventional generation and increasing the complexity of distribution networks’ operation, requiring the implementation of new active and coordinated management strategies between TSOs and DSOs. In this context, DERs are becoming potential new sources of flexibility for both TSOs and DSOs in helping to manage the power system. This paper proposes a systematic characterization of both traditional and potentially new ASs for TSOs, and newly expected DSO local system services to support the new distribution grid operation paradigm, reviewing, in addition, the main TSO-DSO coordination mechanisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo Silva & Everton Alves & Ricardo Ferreira & José Villar & Clara Gouveia, 2021. "Characterization of TSO and DSO Grid System Services and TSO-DSO Basic Coordination Mechanisms in the Current Decarbonization Context," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-30, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:15:p:4451-:d:600033
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    2. Domagoj Badanjak & Hrvoje Pandžić, 2021. "Distribution-Level Flexibility Markets—A Review of Trends, Research Projects, Key Stakeholders and Open Questions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-26, October.
    3. Pearson, Simon & Wellnitz, Sonja & Crespo del Granado, Pedro & Hashemipour, Naser, 2022. "The value of TSO-DSO coordination in re-dispatch with flexible decentralized energy sources: Insights for Germany in 2030," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
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    5. Filipe Bandeiras & Álvaro Gomes & Mário Gomes & Paulo Coelho, 2023. "Exploring Energy Trading Markets in Smart Grid and Microgrid Systems and Their Implications for Sustainability in Smart Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-41, January.

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