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Analysis on the Thermal Balance and Operational Parameters for the District Heating System with Peak Load Boilers in Heating Substations

Author

Listed:
  • Xiangli Li

    (Institute of Building Environment and Facility Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Haichao Wang

    (Institute of Building Environment and Facility Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
    Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, School of Science, Aalto University, P.O. BOX 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

  • Xiaozhou Wu

    (Institute of Building Environment and Facility Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Lin Duanmu

    (Institute of Building Environment and Facility Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Esa Teppo

    (Planora Oy, PL 43, Voudintie 6, 90401 Oulu, Finland)

  • Risto Lahdelma

    (Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, School of Science, Aalto University, P.O. BOX 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. BOX 14100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

  • Ji Li

    (Institute of Building Environment and Energy, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China)

  • Li Yu

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. BOX 14100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

Abstract

This study proposes to use gas-fired boilers as peak shaving heat sources in heating substations due to their capability to increase the reliability, flexibility and heat capacity without the need to change the district heating network (DHN). However, the design and operational requirements with different connection modes for this kind of DH system are still not clear. This paper presents a systematic study on this kind of DH system, analyzes the connection modes of series and parallel connections between the gas-fired boilers and the heat exchangers. For each connection mode, we figured out the thermal balances and obtained the design and operational parameters including the supply temperatures of the heat exchangers, gas-fired boilers and their variations under different network temperature levels and the base load ratios ( β ). Under the series connection mode, the design supply temperature of the heat exchangers has no relation with the design peak shaving flow ratio ( ω ′); it decreases linearly along with smaller β , and the decreasing slope is higher with bigger temperature difference (Δ t ) of the DHN. However, the design supply temperatures of gas-fired boilers increase linearly when β and/or ω ′ are smaller, and the increasing speed is proportional to Δ t . For the parallel connection mode, the design supply temperatures of the heat exchangers and gas-fired boilers are all affected by β , ω ′ and Δ t. The former decreases when β and/or ω ′ are smaller, while the latter increases at the same time. Finally, the design peak shaving flow ratio ω ′ are determined for the peak boilers with series and parallel connection modes. The study provides a theoretical basis for the design and operation of the DH system with peak heating boilers in substations in order to reach a lower investment and higher efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangli Li & Haichao Wang & Xiaozhou Wu & Lin Duanmu & Esa Teppo & Risto Lahdelma & Ji Li & Li Yu, 2020. "Analysis on the Thermal Balance and Operational Parameters for the District Heating System with Peak Load Boilers in Heating Substations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:23:p:6180-:d:450455
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kauko, Hanne & Kvalsvik, Karoline Husevåg & Rohde, Daniel & Hafner, Armin & Nord, Natasa, 2017. "Dynamic modelling of local low-temperature heating grids: A case study for Norway," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 289-297.
    2. Wang, Hai-Chao & Jiao, Wen-Ling & Lahdelma, Risto & Zou, Ping-Hua, 2011. "Techno-economic analysis of a coal-fired CHP based combined heating system with gas-fired boilers for peak load compensation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 7950-7962.
    3. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
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