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An Adaptive Protection for Radial AC Microgrid Using IEC 61850 Communication Standard: Algorithm Proposal Using Offline Simulations

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  • Aushiq Ali Memon

    (School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Wolffintie 34, FI-65200 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Kimmo Kauhaniemi

    (School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Wolffintie 34, FI-65200 Vaasa, Finland)

Abstract

The IEC 61850 communication standard is getting popular for application in electric power substation automation. This paper focuses on the potential application of the IEC 61850 generic object-oriented substation event (GOOSE) protocol in the AC microgrid for adaptive protection. The focus of the paper is to utilize the existing low-voltage ride through characteristic of distributed generators (DGs) with a reactive power supply during faults and communication between intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) at different locations for adaptive overcurrent protection. The adaptive overcurrent IEDs detect the faults with two different preplanned settings groups: lower settings for the islanded mode and higher settings for the grid-connected mode considering limited fault contributions from the converter-based DGs. Setting groups are changed to lower values quickly using the circuit breaker status signal (XCBR) after loss-of-mains, loss-of-DG or islanding is detected. The methods of fault detection and isolation for two different kinds of communication-based IEDs (adaptive/nonadaptive) are explained for three-phase faults at two different locations. The communication-based IEDs take decisions in a decentralized manner, using information about the circuit breaker status, fault detection and current magnitude comparison signals obtained from other IEDs. However, the developed algorithm can also be implemented with the centralized system. An adaptive overcurrent protection algorithm was evaluated with PSCAD (Power Systems Computer Aided Design) simulations, and results were found to be effective for the considered fault cases.

Suggested Citation

  • Aushiq Ali Memon & Kimmo Kauhaniemi, 2020. "An Adaptive Protection for Radial AC Microgrid Using IEC 61850 Communication Standard: Algorithm Proposal Using Offline Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-31, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:20:p:5316-:d:427103
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Justo, Jackson John & Mwasilu, Francis & Lee, Ju & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2013. "AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 387-405.
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    3. Patnaik, Bhaskar & Mishra, Manohar & Bansal, Ramesh C. & Jena, Ranjan Kumar, 2020. "AC microgrid protection – A review: Current and future prospective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    4. Barra, P.H.A. & Coury, D.V. & Fernandes, R.A.S., 2020. "A survey on adaptive protection of microgrids and distribution systems with distributed generators," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    5. Aichhorn, Andreas & Etzlinger, Bernhard & Unterweger, Andreas & Mayrhofer, René & Springer, Andreas, 2018. "Design, implementation, and evaluation of secure communication for line current differential protection systems over packet switched networks," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 68-78.
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    Cited by:

    1. Aleksandr Kulikov & Anton Loskutov & Dmitriy Bezdushniy, 2022. "Relay Protection and Automation Algorithms of Electrical Networks Based on Simulation and Machine Learning Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Khalfan Al Kharusi & Abdelsalam El Haffar & Mostefa Mesbah, 2023. "Adaptive Machine-Learning-Based Transmission Line Fault Detection and Classification Connected to Inverter-Based Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Soon-Ryul Nam & Woong-Hie Ko & Sopheap Key & Sang-Hee Kang & Nam-Ho Lee, 2021. "IEC 61850-Based Centralized Protection against Single Line-To-Ground Faults in Ungrounded Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Adam Dyśko & Dimitrios Tzelepis, 2022. "Protection of Future Electricity Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-2, January.
    5. Taha Selim Ustun & Shuichi Sugahara & Masaichi Suzuki & Jun Hashimoto & Kenji Otani, 2020. "Power Hardware in-the-Loop Testing to Analyze Fault Behavior of Smart Inverters in Distribution Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-18, November.

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