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Thermal Diagnostics of Natural Ventilation in Buildings: An Integrated Approach

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  • Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek

    (Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Department of Heating, Ventilation and Dust Removal Technology, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 20, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Andrzej Baranowski

    (Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Department of Heating, Ventilation and Dust Removal Technology, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 20, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Monika Blaszczok

    (Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Department of Heating, Ventilation and Dust Removal Technology, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 20, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Jan Kaczmarczyk

    (Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Department of Heating, Ventilation and Dust Removal Technology, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 20, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

Abstract

Diagnostics of natural ventilation in buildings is problematic, as the airflow rate changes considerably over time. One constant average airflow is usually assumed when calculating energy demand for a building, however, such a simplification could be fraught with considerable error. The paper describes a comprehensive methodology for the diagnostics of a natural ventilation system in a building and its practical application. Based on in situ measurements and simulations in two existing buildings (dwelling house and school) in Poland, the real values of the ventilating airflows were analyzed and resulting heat demand was compared with the design values. The pros and cons of various methods for evaluation of natural ventilation are discussed. The real airflow was determined by measurements in a ventilation grille or by a tracer gas concentration decay method. The airtightness of the buildings’ envelope was evaluated based on the fan pressurization test. The last stage entailed computer simulations of air exchange in buildings using CONTAM software. The multizone models of the buildings were calibrated and verified with existing measured data. Measured airflow in a multifamily house was small and substantially deviated from the Polish standard. In case of a school, the air flow rate amounted to an average of 10% of the required value. Calculation of the heat demand for ventilation based on the standard value of the airflow led to a considerable overestimation of this value in relation to the real consumption. In the analyzed cases, the difference was 40% for the school and 30% for the residential building.

Suggested Citation

  • Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek & Andrzej Baranowski & Monika Blaszczok & Jan Kaczmarczyk, 2019. "Thermal Diagnostics of Natural Ventilation in Buildings: An Integrated Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:23:p:4556-:d:292289
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alberto Meiss & Miguel A. Padilla-Marcos & Jesús Feijó-Muñoz, 2017. "Methodology Applied to the Evaluation of Natural Ventilation in Residential Building Retrofits: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-19, April.
    2. Fusheng Ma & Changhong Zhan & Xiaoyang Xu, 2019. "Investigation and Evaluation of Winter Indoor Air Quality of Primary Schools in Severe Cold Weather Areas of China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-19, April.
    3. Carolina Aparicio-Fernández & José-Luis Vivancos & Paula Cosar-Jorda & Richard A. Buswell, 2019. "Energy Modelling and Calibration of Building Simulations: A Case Study of a Domestic Building with Natural Ventilation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-13, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Piotr Michalak, 2022. "Hourly Simulation of an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger in a Low-Energy Residential Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-23, March.
    2. Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek & Krzysztof Grygierek & Anna Gumińska & Piotr Krawiec & Adrianna Oćwieja & Robert Poloczek & Julia Szkarłat & Aleksandra Zawartka & Daria Zobczyńska & Daria Żukowska-Tejsen, 2021. "Passive Cooling Solutions to Improve Thermal Comfort in Polish Dwellings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Krzysztof Grygierek & Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek & Anna Gumińska & Łukasz Baran & Magdalena Barwa & Kamila Czerw & Paulina Gowik & Klaudia Makselan & Klaudia Potyka & Agnes Psikuta, 2020. "Energy and Environmental Analysis of Single-Family Houses Located in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-25, May.
    4. Piotr Michalak, 2021. "Annual Energy Performance of an Air Handling Unit with a Cross-Flow Heat Exchanger," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-16, March.
    5. Krzysztof Grygierek & Izabela Sarna, 2020. "Impact of Passive Cooling on Thermal Comfort in a Single-Family Building for Current and Future Climate Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Krzysztof Grygierek & Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek, 2022. "Design of Ventilation Systems in a Single-Family House in Terms of Heating Demand and Indoor Environment Quality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-18, November.
    7. Piotr Michalak, 2022. "Thermal Network Model for an Assessment of Summer Indoor Comfort in a Naturally Ventilated Residential Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, May.
    8. Piotr Michalak, 2022. "Impact of Air Density Variation on a Simulated Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger’s Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-24, April.

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