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Development and Analysis of a Multi-Node Dynamic Model for the Simulation of Stratified Thermal Energy Storage

Author

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  • Nora Cadau

    (CIDEA—Center for Energy and Environment, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 42/a, 43125 Parma, Italy)

  • Andrea De Lorenzi

    (CIDEA—Center for Energy and Environment, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 42/a, 43125 Parma, Italy)

  • Agostino Gambarotta

    (CIDEA—Center for Energy and Environment, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 42/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
    Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/a, 43125 Parma, Italy)

  • Mirko Morini

    (Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/a, 43125 Parma, Italy)

  • Michele Rossi

    (Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/a, 43125 Parma, Italy)

Abstract

To overcome non-programmability issues that limit the market penetration of renewable energies, the use of thermal energy storage has become more and more significant in several applications where there is a need for decoupling between energy supply and demand. The aim of this paper is to present a multi-node physics-based model for the simulation of stratified thermal energy storage, which allows the required level of detail in temperature vertical distribution to be varied simply by choosing the number of nodes and their relative dimensions. Thanks to the chosen causality structure, this model can be implemented into a library of components for the dynamic simulation of smart energy systems. Hence, unlike most of the solutions proposed in the literature, thermal energy storage can be considered not only as a stand-alone component, but also as an important part of a more complex system. Moreover, the model behavior has been analyzed with reference to the experimental results from the literature. The results make it possible to conclude that the model is able to accurately predict the temperature distribution within a stratified storage tank typically used in a district heating network with limitations when dealing with small storage volumes and high flow rates.

Suggested Citation

  • Nora Cadau & Andrea De Lorenzi & Agostino Gambarotta & Mirko Morini & Michele Rossi, 2019. "Development and Analysis of a Multi-Node Dynamic Model for the Simulation of Stratified Thermal Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:22:p:4275-:d:285300
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ioan Sarbu & Calin Sebarchievici, 2018. "A Comprehensive Review of Thermal Energy Storage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-32, January.
    2. Barbieri, Enrico Saverio & Melino, Francesco & Morini, Mirko, 2012. "Influence of the thermal energy storage on the profitability of micro-CHP systems for residential building applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 714-722.
    3. Ibrahim, H. & Ilinca, A. & Perron, J., 2008. "Energy storage systems--Characteristics and comparisons," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(5), pages 1221-1250, June.
    4. Alva, Guruprasad & Lin, Yaxue & Fang, Guiyin, 2018. "An overview of thermal energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 341-378.
    5. Sharma, Atul & Tyagi, V.V. & Chen, C.R. & Buddhi, D., 2009. "Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 318-345, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. De la Cruz-Loredo, Iván & Zinsmeister, Daniel & Licklederer, Thomas & Ugalde-Loo, Carlos E. & Morales, Daniel A. & Bastida, Héctor & Perić, Vedran S. & Saleem, Arslan, 2023. "Experimental validation of a hybrid 1-D multi-node model of a hot water thermal energy storage tank," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    2. De Lorenzi, Andrea & Gambarotta, Agostino & Marzi, Emanuela & Morini, Mirko & Saletti, Costanza, 2022. "Predictive control of a combined heat and power plant for grid flexibility under demand uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    3. De Lorenzi, Andrea & Gambarotta, Agostino & Morini, Mirko & Rossi, Michele & Saletti, Costanza, 2020. "Setup and testing of smart controllers for small-scale district heating networks: An integrated framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    4. Mohammad Shakerin & Vilde Eikeskog & Yantong Li & Trond Thorgeir Harsem & Natasa Nord & Haoran Li, 2022. "Investigation of Combined Heating and Cooling Systems with Short- and Long-Term Storages," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, May.
    5. Erica Corradi & Mosè Rossi & Alice Mugnini & Anam Nadeem & Gabriele Comodi & Alessia Arteconi & Danilo Salvi, 2021. "Energy, Environmental, and Economic Analyses of a District Heating (DH) Network from Both Thermal Plant and End-Users’ Prospective: An Italian Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-25, November.
    6. Bahlawan, Hilal & Losi, Enzo & Manservigi, Lucrezia & Morini, Mirko & Pinelli, Michele & Spina, Pier Ruggero & Venturini, Mauro, 2022. "Optimization of a renewable energy plant with seasonal energy storage for the transition towards 100% renewable energy supply," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 1296-1306.

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