IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i16p3124-d257582.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigations on the Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine during Dynamic Yaw Processes

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaodong Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Zhaoliang Ye

    (Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China)

  • Shun Kang

    (Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Hui Hu

    (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA)

Abstract

Wind turbines inevitably experience yawed flows, resulting in fluctuations of the angle of attack (AOA) of airfoils, which can considerably impact the aerodynamic characteristics of the turbine blades. In this paper, a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) was modeled using a structured grid with multiple blocks. Then, the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine were investigated under static and dynamic yawed conditions using the Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) method. In addition, start-stop yawing rotations at two different velocities were studied. The results suggest that AOA fluctuation under yawing conditions is caused by two separate effects: blade advancing & retreating and upwind & downwind yawing. At a positive yaw angle, the blade advancing & retreating effect causes a maximum AOA at an azimuth angle of 0°. Moreover, the effect is more dominant in inboard airfoils compared to outboard airfoils. The upwind & downwind yawing effect occurs when the wind turbine experiences dynamic yawing motion. The effect increases the AOA when the blade is yawing upwind and vice versa. The phenomena become more dominant with the increase of yawing rate. The torque of the blade in the forward yawing condition is much higher than in backward yawing, owing to the reversal of the yaw velocity.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaodong Wang & Zhaoliang Ye & Shun Kang & Hui Hu, 2019. "Investigations on the Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine during Dynamic Yaw Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-23, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:16:p:3124-:d:257582
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3124/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/16/3124/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wen, Binrong & Tian, Xinliang & Dong, Xingjian & Peng, Zhike & Zhang, Wenming & Wei, Kexiang, 2019. "A numerical study on the angle of attack to the blade of a horizontal-axis offshore floating wind turbine under static and dynamic yawed conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 1138-1156.
    2. Song, Dongran & Fan, Xinyu & Yang, Jian & Liu, Anfeng & Chen, Sifan & Joo, Young Hoon, 2018. "Power extraction efficiency optimization of horizontal-axis wind turbines through optimizing control parameters of yaw control systems using an intelligent method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C), pages 267-279.
    3. Dai, Juchuan & Yang, Xin & Hu, Wei & Wen, Li & Tan, Yayi, 2018. "Effect investigation of yaw on wind turbine performance based on SCADA data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 684-696.
    4. Guo-Wei Qian & Takeshi Ishihara, 2018. "A New Analytical Wake Model for Yawed Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-24, March.
    5. Chehouri, Adam & Younes, Rafic & Ilinca, Adrian & Perron, Jean, 2015. "Review of performance optimization techniques applied to wind turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 361-388.
    6. Rahimi, H. & Schepers, J.G. & Shen, W.Z. & García, N. Ramos & Schneider, M.S. & Micallef, D. & Ferreira, C.J. Simao & Jost, E. & Klein, L. & Herráez, I., 2018. "Evaluation of different methods for determining the angle of attack on wind turbine blades with CFD results under axial inflow conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 866-876.
    7. Qiu, Yong-Xing & Wang, Xiao-Dong & Kang, Shun & Zhao, Ming & Liang, Jun-Yu, 2014. "Predictions of unsteady HAWT aerodynamics in yawing and pitching using the free vortex method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 93-106.
    8. Daniel Micallef & Tonio Sant, 2016. "A Review of Wind Turbine Yaw Aerodynamics," Chapters, in: Abdel Ghani Aissaoui & Ahmed Tahour (ed.), Wind Turbines - Design, Control and Applications, IntechOpen.
    9. Aitor Saenz-Aguirre & Ekaitz Zulueta & Unai Fernandez-Gamiz & Javier Lozano & Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede, 2019. "Artificial Neural Network Based Reinforcement Learning for Wind Turbine Yaw Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-17, January.
    10. Wim Munters & Johan Meyers, 2018. "Dynamic Strategies for Yaw and Induction Control of Wind Farms Based on Large-Eddy Simulation and Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-32, January.
    11. Wen, Binrong & Dong, Xingjian & Tian, Xinliang & Peng, Zhike & Zhang, Wenming & Wei, Kexiang, 2018. "The power performance of an offshore floating wind turbine in platform pitching motion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 508-521.
    12. Jeong, Min-Soo & Kim, Sang-Woo & Lee, In & Yoo, Seung-Jae & Park, K.C., 2013. "The impact of yaw error on aeroelastic characteristics of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 256-268.
    13. Chengyong Zhu & Tongguang Wang & Wei Zhong, 2019. "Combined Effect of Rotational Augmentation and Dynamic Stall on a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-20, April.
    14. Yan, Shu & Shi, Shaoping & Chen, Xinming & Wang, Xiaodong & Mao, Linzhi & Liu, Xiaojie, 2018. "Numerical simulations of flow interactions between steep hill terrain and large scale wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 740-747.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ali, Qazi Shahzad & Kim, Man-Hoe, 2022. "Power conversion performance of airborne wind turbine under unsteady loads," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    2. Zhao, Shuang & Wang, Jianwen & Han, Yuxia & Liu, Zhen, 2022. "Research on the rotor speed and aerodynamic characteristics of a dynamic yawing wind turbine with a short-time uniform wind direction variation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    3. Mahmoud G. Hemeida & Ashraf M. Hemeida & Tomonobu Senjyu & Dina Osheba, 2022. "Renewable Energy Resources Technologies and Life Cycle Assessment: Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-36, December.
    4. Lu Ma & Xiaodong Wang & Jian Zhu & Shun Kang, 2019. "Dynamic Stall of a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine and Its Control Using Plasma Actuation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-18, September.
    5. Wang, Xinbao & Cai, Chang & Cai, Shang-Gui & Wang, Tengyuan & Wang, Zekun & Song, Juanjuan & Rong, Xiaomin & Li, Qing'an, 2023. "A review of aerodynamic and wake characteristics of floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    6. Xiaodong Wang & Yunong Liu & Luyao Wang & Lin Ding & Hui Hu, 2019. "Numerical Study of Nacelle Wind Speed Characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine under Time-Varying Flow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-19, October.
    7. Guo, Yize & Wang, Xiaodong & Mei, Yuanhang & Ye, Zhaoliang & Guo, Xiaojiang, 2022. "Effect of coupled platform pitch-surge motions on the aerodynamic characters of a horizontal floating offshore wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 278-297.
    8. Fu, Shifeng & Li, Zheng & Zhu, Weijun & Han, Xingxing & Liang, Xiaoling & Yang, Hua & Shen, Wenzhong, 2023. "Study on aerodynamic performance and wake characteristics of a floating offshore wind turbine under pitch motion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 317-325.
    9. Xin-Kai Li & Wei Liu & Ting-Jun Zhang & Pei-Ming Wang & Xiao-Dong Wang, 2019. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Vortex Generator Installation Angle on Flow Separation Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-19, December.
    10. Chen, Ziwen & Wang, Xiaodong & Guo, Yize & Kang, Shun, 2021. "Numerical analysis of unsteady aerodynamic performance of floating offshore wind turbine under platform surge and pitch motions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1849-1870.
    11. Cai, Yefeng & Zhao, Haisheng & Li, Xin & Liu, Yuanchuan, 2023. "Effects of yawed inflow and blade-tower interaction on the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a horizontal-axis wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Davide Astolfi & Francesco Castellani & Matteo Becchetti & Andrea Lombardi & Ludovico Terzi, 2020. "Wind Turbine Systematic Yaw Error: Operation Data Analysis Techniques for Detecting It and Assessing Its Performance Impact," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, May.
    2. Dai, Juchuan & He, Tao & Li, Mimi & Long, Xin, 2021. "Performance study of multi-source driving yaw system for aiding yaw control of wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 154-171.
    3. Wen, Binrong & Tian, Xinliang & Dong, Xingjian & Peng, Zhike & Zhang, Wenming & Wei, Kexiang, 2019. "A numerical study on the angle of attack to the blade of a horizontal-axis offshore floating wind turbine under static and dynamic yawed conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 1138-1156.
    4. Guo, Yize & Wang, Xiaodong & Mei, Yuanhang & Ye, Zhaoliang & Guo, Xiaojiang, 2022. "Effect of coupled platform pitch-surge motions on the aerodynamic characters of a horizontal floating offshore wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 278-297.
    5. Amira Elkodama & Amr Ismaiel & A. Abdellatif & S. Shaaban & Shigeo Yoshida & Mostafa A. Rushdi, 2023. "Control Methods for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT): State-of-the-Art Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-32, September.
    6. Chen, Ziwen & Wang, Xiaodong & Guo, Yize & Kang, Shun, 2021. "Numerical analysis of unsteady aerodynamic performance of floating offshore wind turbine under platform surge and pitch motions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1849-1870.
    7. Wu, Guangxing & Zhang, Chaoyu & Cai, Chang & Yang, Ke & Shi, Kezhong, 2020. "Uncertainty prediction on the angle of attack of wind turbine blades based on the field measurements," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    8. Han Peng & Songyin Li & Linjian Shangguan & Yisa Fan & Hai Zhang, 2023. "Analysis of Wind Turbine Equipment Failure and Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-35, May.
    9. Wei Zhong & Wen Zhong Shen & Tong Guang Wang & Wei Jun Zhu, 2019. "A New Method of Determination of the Angle of Attack on Rotating Wind Turbine Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-19, October.
    10. Jing, Bo & Qian, Zheng & Pei, Yan & Zhang, Lizhong & Yang, Tingyi, 2020. "Improving wind turbine efficiency through detection and calibration of yaw misalignment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1217-1227.
    11. Weimin Wu & Xiongfei Liu & Jingcheng Liu & Shunpeng Zeng & Chuande Zhou & Xiaomei Wang, 2021. "Investigation into Yaw Motion Influence of Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine on Wake Flow Using LBM-LES," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-37, August.
    12. Wang, Xinbao & Cai, Chang & Cai, Shang-Gui & Wang, Tengyuan & Wang, Zekun & Song, Juanjuan & Rong, Xiaomin & Li, Qing'an, 2023. "A review of aerodynamic and wake characteristics of floating offshore wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    13. Dai, Juchuan & Yang, Xin & Hu, Wei & Wen, Li & Tan, Yayi, 2018. "Effect investigation of yaw on wind turbine performance based on SCADA data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 684-696.
    14. Dou, Bingzheng & Guala, Michele & Lei, Liping & Zeng, Pan, 2019. "Wake model for horizontal-axis wind and hydrokinetic turbines in yawed conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 1383-1395.
    15. Longfu Luo & Xiaofeng Zhang & Dongran Song & Weiyi Tang & Jian Yang & Li Li & Xiaoyu Tian & Wu Wen, 2018. "Optimal Design of Rated Wind Speed and Rotor Radius to Minimizing the Cost of Energy for Offshore Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, October.
    16. Wenting Chen & Hang Liu & Yonggang Lin & Wei Li & Yong Sun & Di Zhang, 2020. "LSTM-NN Yaw Control of Wind Turbines Based on Upstream Wind Information," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, March.
    17. Dai, Juchuan & Tan, Yayi & Shen, Xiangbin, 2019. "Investigation of energy output in mountain wind farm using multiple-units SCADA data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 225-238.
    18. Zi Lin & Xiaolei Liu, 2020. "Assessment of Wind Turbine Aero-Hydro-Servo-Elastic Modelling on the Effects of Mooring Line Tension via Deep Learning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, May.
    19. Wang, Lin & Liu, Xiongwei & Kolios, Athanasios, 2016. "State of the art in the aeroelasticity of wind turbine blades: Aeroelastic modelling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 195-210.
    20. Wen, Binrong & Tian, Xinliang & Zhang, Qi & Dong, Xingjian & Peng, Zhike & Zhang, Wenming & Wei, Kexiang, 2019. "Wind shear effect induced by the platform pitch motion of a spar-type floating wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1186-1199.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:16:p:3124-:d:257582. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.