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Upgrading Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) Hydrochar from Sewage Sludge

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  • Eunhye Song

    (Bio resource center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Gyeonggi-do 17180, Korea)

  • Seyong Park

    (Bio resource center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Gyeonggi-do 17180, Korea)

  • Ho Kim

    (Bio resource center, Institute for Advanced Engineering, Gyeonggi-do 17180, Korea)

Abstract

As a treatment method of sewage sludge, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process was adopted in this work. HTC has a great advantage considering the economic efficiency of its process operation due to its reduced energy consumption and production of solid fuel upgraded through the increased fixed carbon and heating value. The ash of sewage sludge, however, contains up to 52.55% phosphate, which degrades the efficiency of the thermochemical conversion process such as pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification by causing slagging. In this study, three kinds of organic acids, i.e., oxalic, tartaric, and citric acid, were selected to eliminate phosphorus from hydrochars produced through the HTC of sewage sludge. The efficiency of the phosphorus removal and the properties of the corresponding HTC hydrochars were analyzed by adding 20 mmoles of organic acids per 1 g of phosphorus in the HTC sample. In addition, the phosphorus reduction effect and the applicability to an upgrading process were verified. Oxalic acid was selected as the most appropriate organic acid considering the economic efficiency of its process operation. Furthermore, the optimal conditions were selected by analyzing the efficiency of the phosphorus elimination and the characteristic property of the HTC hydrochars with the weight fraction of oxalic acid.

Suggested Citation

  • Eunhye Song & Seyong Park & Ho Kim, 2019. "Upgrading Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) Hydrochar from Sewage Sludge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:12:p:2383-:d:241730
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Clara Lisseth Mendoza Martinez & Ekaterina Sermyagina & Esa Vakkilainen, 2021. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chemical and Biological Pulp Mill Sludges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Zhiyu Li & Weiming Yi & Zhihe Li & Chunyan Tian & Peng Fu & Yuchun Zhang & Ling Zhou & Jie Teng, 2020. "Preparation of Solid Fuel Hydrochar over Hydrothermal Carbonization of Red Jujube Branch," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-10, January.
    3. Fabio Merzari & Jillian Goldfarb & Gianni Andreottola & Tanja Mimmo & Maurizio Volpe & Luca Fiori, 2020. "Hydrothermal Carbonization as a Strategy for Sewage Sludge Management: Influence of Process Withdrawal Point on Hydrochar Properties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, June.
    4. Salah Jellali & Antonis A. Zorpas & Sulaiman Alhashmi & Mejdi Jeguirim, 2022. "Recent Advances in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-6, September.
    5. Li Ma & Li Sha & Xingxin Liu & Shuting Zhang, 2021. "Study of Molding and Drying Characteristics of Compressed Municipal Sludge-Corn Stalk Fuel Pellets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, May.
    6. Ioannis O. Vardiambasis & Theodoros N. Kapetanakis & Christos D. Nikolopoulos & Trinh Kieu Trang & Toshiki Tsubota & Ramazan Keyikoglu & Alireza Khataee & Dimitrios Kalderis, 2020. "Hydrochars as Emerging Biofuels: Recent Advances and Application of Artificial Neural Networks for the Prediction of Heating Values," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, September.
    7. Kossińska, Nina & Krzyżyńska, Renata & Ghazal, Heba & Jouhara, Hussam, 2023. "Hydrothermal carbonisation of sewage sludge and resulting biofuels as a sustainable energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).

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