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On the Application of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) for In-Cylinder Flow Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammed El-Adawy

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Morgan R. Heikal

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
    The Advanced Engineering Centre based at the Sir Harry Ricardo Laboratories, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK)

  • A. Rashid A. Aziz

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Ibrahim Khalil Adam

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Mhadi A. Ismael

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Mohammed E. Babiker

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Masri B. Baharom

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Firmansyah

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Ezrann Zharif Zainal Abidin

    (Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia)

Abstract

Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is a coherent structure identification technique based on either measured or computed data sets. Recently, POD has been adopted for the analysis of the in-cylinder flows inside internal combustion engines. In this study, stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (Stereo-PIV) measurements were carried out at the central vertical tumble plane inside an engine cylinder to acquire the velocity vector fields for the in-cylinder flow under different experimental conditions. Afterwards, the POD analysis were performed firstly on synthetic velocity vector fields with known characteristics in order to extract some fundamental properties of the POD technique. These data were used to reveal how the physical properties of coherent structures were captured and distributed among the POD modes, in addition to illustrate the difference between subtracting and non-subtracting the ensemble average prior to conducting POD on datasets. Moreover, two case studies for the in-cylinder flow at different valve lifts and different pressure differences across the air intake valves were presented and discussed as the effect of both valve lifts and pressure difference have not been investigated before using phase-invariant POD analysis. The results demonstrated that for repeatable flow pattern, only the first mode was sufficient to reconstruct the physical properties of the flow. Furthermore, POD analysis confirmed the negligible effect of pressure difference and subsequently the effect of engine speed on flow structures.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammed El-Adawy & Morgan R. Heikal & A. Rashid A. Aziz & Ibrahim Khalil Adam & Mhadi A. Ismael & Mohammed E. Babiker & Masri B. Baharom & Firmansyah & Ezrann Zharif Zainal Abidin, 2018. "On the Application of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) for In-Cylinder Flow Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:9:p:2261-:d:166283
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Zhijin & Zhang, Haiyan & Wang, Tianyou & Jia, Ming, 2014. "Effects of tumble combined with EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) on the combustion and emissions in a spark ignition engine at part loads," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 18-24.
    2. Mohammed El-Adawy & Morgan R. Heikal & A. Rashid A. Aziz & Muhammad I. Siddiqui & Shahzad Munir, 2017. "Characterization of the Inlet Port Flow under Steady-State Conditions Using PIV and POD," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-16, November.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Lei Shi & Hongwei Ma & Lixiang Wang, 2019. "Analysis of Different POD Processing Methods for SPIV-Measurements in Compressor Cascade Tip Leakage Flow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-25, March.
    3. Marcellin Perceau & Philippe Guibert & Stéphane Guilain, 2021. "Flow Field Parametric Interpolation Using a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition: Application to the Variable Valve Timing Effect on a Tumble In-cylinder Miller Engine Mean Flow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Stefan Posch & Clemens Gößnitzer & Andreas B. Ofner & Gerhard Pirker & Andreas Wimmer, 2022. "Modeling Cycle-to-Cycle Variations of a Spark-Ignited Gas Engine Using Artificial Flow Fields Generated by a Variational Autoencoder," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, March.
    5. Jana Hoffmann & Niklas Mirsch & Walter Vera-Tudela & Dario Wüthrich & Jorim Rosenberg & Marco Günther & Stefan Pischinger & Daniel A. Weiss & Kai Herrmann, 2023. "Flow Field Investigation of a Single Engine Valve Using PIV, POD, and LES," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-31, March.
    6. Clemens Gößnitzer & Shawn Givler, 2021. "A New Method to Determine the Impact of Individual Field Quantities on Cycle-to-Cycle Variations in a Spark-Ignited Gas Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-14, July.
    7. Zhang, Wei & Chen, Zhaohui & Duan, Qiwang & Jiang, Qianyu, 2021. "Visual test and evolutionary analysis of flow fields in cylinder of helical intake port diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).

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