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Preliminary Study on Integration of Fiber Optic Bragg Grating Sensors in Li-Ion Batteries and In Situ Strain and Temperature Monitoring of Battery Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Aleksandra Fortier

    (University of Dayton Research Institute and the Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USA)

  • Max Tsao

    (University of Dayton Research Institute and the Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USA)

  • Nick D. Williard

    (1430 Enclave Pkwy, Schlumberger, Houston, TX 77077, USA)

  • Yinjiao Xing

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

  • Michael G. Pecht

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

Abstract

Current commercial battery management systems (BMSs) do not provide adequate information in real time to mitigate issues of battery cells such as thermal runway. This paper explores and evaluates the integration of fiber optic Bragg grating (FBG) sensors inside lithium-ion battery (LiB) coin cells. Strain and internal and external temperatures were recorded using FBG sensors, and the battery cells were evaluated at a cycling C/20 rate. The preliminary results present scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of electrode degradation upon sensor integration and the systematic process of sensor integration to eliminate degradation in electrodes during cell charge/discharge cycles. Recommendation for successful FBG sensor integration is given, and the strain and temperature data is presented. The FBG sensor was placed on the inside of the coin cell between the electrodes and the separator layers towards the most electrochemically active area. On the outside, the temperature of the coin cell casing as well as the ambient temperature was recorded. Results show stable strain behavior within the cell and about 10 °C difference between the inside of the coin cell and the ambient environment over time during charging/discharging cycles. This study is intended to contribute to the safe integration of FBG sensors inside hermetically sealed batteries and to detection of real-time temperature and strain gradient inside a cell, ultimately improving reliability of current BMSs.

Suggested Citation

  • Aleksandra Fortier & Max Tsao & Nick D. Williard & Yinjiao Xing & Michael G. Pecht, 2017. "Preliminary Study on Integration of Fiber Optic Bragg Grating Sensors in Li-Ion Batteries and In Situ Strain and Temperature Monitoring of Battery Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-11, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:7:p:838-:d:102406
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hui Wu & Denys Zhuo & Desheng Kong & Yi Cui, 2014. "Improving battery safety by early detection of internal shorting with a bifunctional separator," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-6, December.
    2. Ximing Cheng & Michael Pecht, 2017. "In Situ Stress Measurement Techniques on Li-ion Battery Electrodes: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-19, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Raijmakers, L.H.J. & Danilov, D.L. & Eichel, R.-A. & Notten, P.H.L., 2019. "A review on various temperature-indication methods for Li-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 918-945.
    2. Anyu Cheng & Yi Xin & Hang Wu & Lixin Yang & Banghuai Deng, 2023. "A Review of Sensor Applications in Electric Vehicle Thermal Management Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-29, July.
    3. Markus S. Wahl & Lena Spitthoff & Harald I. Muri & Asanthi Jinasena & Odne S. Burheim & Jacob J. Lamb, 2021. "The Importance of Optical Fibres for Internal Temperature Sensing in Lithium-ion Batteries during Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Han, Gaoce & Yan, Jize & Guo, Zhen & Greenwood, David & Marco, James & Yu, Yifei, 2021. "A review on various optical fibre sensing methods for batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).

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