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Integration of Lithium-Ion Battery Storage Systems in Hydroelectric Plants for Supplying Primary Control Reserve

Author

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  • Fabio Bignucolo

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Roberto Caldon

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Massimiliano Coppo

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

  • Fabio Pasut

    (S.T.E. Energy SpA, 35141 Padova, Italy)

  • Martino Pettinà

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy)

Abstract

The ever-growing diffusion of renewables as electrical generation sources is forcing the electrical power system to face new and challenging regulation problems to preserve grid stability. Among these, the primary control reserve is reckoned to be one of the most important issues, since the introduction of generators based on renewable energies and interconnected through static converters, if relieved from the primary reserve contribution, reduces both the system inertia and the available power reserve in case of network events involving frequency perturbations. In this scenario, renewable plants such as hydroelectric run-of-river generators could be required to provide the primary control reserve ancillary service. In this paper, the integration between a multi-unit run-of-river power plant and a lithium-ion based battery storage system is investigated, suitably accounting for the ancillary service characteristics as required by present grid codes. The storage system is studied in terms of maximum economic profitability, taking into account its operating constraints. Dynamic simulations are carried out within the DIgSILENT PowerFactory 2016 software environment in order to analyse the plant response in case of network frequency contingencies, comparing the pure hydroelectric plant with the hybrid one, in which the primary reserve is partially or completely supplied by the storage system. Results confirm that the battery storage system response to frequency perturbations is clearly faster and more accurate during the transient phase compared to a traditional plant, since time delays due to hydraulic and mechanical regulations are overpassed. A case study, based on data from an existing hydropower plant and referring to the Italian context in terms of operational constraints and ancillary service remuneration, is presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabio Bignucolo & Roberto Caldon & Massimiliano Coppo & Fabio Pasut & Martino Pettinà, 2017. "Integration of Lithium-Ion Battery Storage Systems in Hydroelectric Plants for Supplying Primary Control Reserve," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:1:p:98-:d:87846
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johnston, Lewis & Díaz-González, Francisco & Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol & Corchero-García, Cristina & Cruz-Zambrano, Miguel, 2015. "Methodology for the economic optimisation of energy storage systems for frequency support in wind power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 660-669.
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    Cited by:

    1. Monika Sandelic & Daniel-Ioan Stroe & Florin Iov, 2018. "Battery Storage-Based Frequency Containment Reserves in Large Wind Penetrated Scenarios: A Practical Approach to Sizing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Xing Luo & Jihong Wang & Jacek D. Wojcik & Jianguo Wang & Decai Li & Mihai Draganescu & Yaowang Li & Shihong Miao, 2018. "Review of Voltage and Frequency Grid Code Specifications for Electrical Energy Storage Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-26, April.
    3. Bhatti, Bilal Ahmad & Hanif, Sarmad & Alam, Jan & Mitra, Bhaskar & Kini, Roshan & Wu, Di, 2023. "Using energy storage systems to extend the life of hydropower plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 337(C).
    4. Fabio Bignucolo & Alberto Cerretti & Massimiliano Coppo & Andrea Savio & Roberto Turri, 2017. "Effects of Energy Storage Systems Grid Code Requirements on Interface Protection Performances in Low Voltage Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, March.
    5. Ali Thaeer Hammid & Omar I. Awad & Mohd Herwan Sulaiman & Saraswathy Shamini Gunasekaran & Salama A. Mostafa & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Bashar Ahmad Khalaf & Yasir Amer Al-Jawhar & Raed Abdulkareem A, 2020. "A Review of Optimization Algorithms in Solving Hydro Generation Scheduling Problems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, June.
    6. Durvasulu, Venkat & Balliet, W. Hill & Lopez, Carlos Josue & Lin, Yingqian & Li, Binghui & Alam, S.M. Shafiul & Mahalik, Mathew R. & Kwon, Jonghwan & Mosier, Thomas M.R., 2024. "Rationale for adding batteries to hydropower plants and tradeoffs in hybrid system operation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).

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