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Measuring broadband in Europe: Development of a market model and performance index using structural equations modelling

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  • Lemstra, Wolter
  • Voogt, Bart
  • van Gorp, Nicolai

Abstract

This contribution reports on the development of a performance index and underlying market model with application to broadband developments in the European Union. The Structure–Conduct–Performance paradigm provides the theoretical grounding. Structural equations modelling was applied to determine the statistically significant factors and components in the path model. The data set was derived from public sources combined with a questionnaire completed by the national regulatory authorities. The data collection took place in the period May 2012–December 2012. In this contribution we focus on fixed broadband. The Broadband Performance Index resulting from the analysis consists of: the cumulative broadband uptake (across all technology platforms); the average monthly revenues per user; and the percentage of broadband households with a data rate above 10Mbit/s on the down link. The most important factor representing firm conduct and the main driver of broadband performance is the level of investment, which is in turn driven by GDP/capita. The factor best representing market structure is a modified Herfindal Hirschman Index (HHI*) capturing the platform-based competition (PSTN, CATV, FttH, and the market shares of access-based competitors). The HHI* is in turn driven by the wholesale price for unbundling and by the degree of urbanization. The resulting performance index values range from 73 to 121, with the EU average set at 100.

Suggested Citation

  • Lemstra, Wolter & Voogt, Bart & van Gorp, Nicolai, 2015. "Measuring broadband in Europe: Development of a market model and performance index using structural equations modelling," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 253-268.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:telpol:v:39:y:2015:i:3:p:253-268
    DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2015.01.006
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    2. İlhan Çam & Nisa Özge Önal Tuğrul & Kevser Şimşek & Kamil Karaçuha & Ertuğrul Karaçuha & Gökhan Özer, 2024. "The effects of the investment decisions of telecommunications firms on their financial performance during the COVID-19 pandemic," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 66(5), pages 2007-2047, May.
    3. Deshpande, Advait, 2026. "No need for speed?: An analysis of UK Broadband speeds from 2014 to 2024," 33rd European Regional ITS Conference, Edinburgh, 2025: Digital innovation and transformation in uncertain times 334160, International Telecommunications Society (ITS), revised 2026.
    4. Mendonça, Sandro & Crespo, Nuno & Simões, Nadia, 2015. "Inequality in the network society: An integrated approach to ICT access, basic skills, and complex capabilities," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 192-207.
    5. Dmitrii Trubnikov, 2017. "Analysing the Impact of Regulation on Disruptive Innovations: The Case of Wireless Technology," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 399-420, December.
    6. Jorn van STEENIS, 2015. "Regulatory Policy Implications of Different Levels of Symmetry," Communications & Strategies, IDATE, Com&Strat dept., vol. 1(98), pages 43-60, 2nd quart.

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