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Compensación fiscal de pérdidas: Determinantes de su activación, impacto en las cuentas anuales y aprovechamiento de los créditos

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  • Monterrey Mayoral, Juan
  • Sánchez Segura, Amparo

Abstract

En el contexto de las compañías que experimentan bases imponibles negativas, la opción de activar los créditos fiscales surgidos de estas tiene como incentivos la posibilidad de reducir los resultados adversos y la mejora de los ratios de endeudamiento. Los resultados empíricos que documentamos en este trabajo indican que la decisión de registrar los créditos fiscales se ve estimulada por su favorable impacto sobre el endeudamiento y el tamaño empresarial y, en menor medida, por la posibilidad de reducir pérdidas, y limitada tanto por las posibilidades reales de aprovechamiento como por el riesgo de continuidad del negocio, sin que las expectativas de la dirección sobre los resultados futuros parezcan tener influencia alguna en la opción por activar. Además, hemos constatado un débil grado de aprovechamiento real de los créditos fiscales, que en promedio no supera el 31% del importe compensable en los 7 ejercicios siguientes al de la generación de la pérdida fiscal, si bien este se eleva al 80% en aquellas empresas en las que las bases imponibles negativas se generaron exclusivamente por el efecto de resultados extraordinarios negativos. Finalmente, nuestros hallazgos confirman el acierto del regulador de confinar la activación de los créditos a los casos en los que las pérdidas fiscales surgen como consecuencia de acontecimientos no habituales.

Suggested Citation

  • Monterrey Mayoral, Juan & Sánchez Segura, Amparo, 2014. "Compensación fiscal de pérdidas: Determinantes de su activación, impacto en las cuentas anuales y aprovechamiento de los créditos," Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 17-29.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:spacre:v:17:y:2014:i:1:p:17-29
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsar.2013.02.003
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Compensación de pérdidas; Impuestos; Efectos económicos de las normas contables; Tax losses; Taxation; Economic effects of accounting norms;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Accounting
    • M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Accounting

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