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Project-induced displacement, secondary stressors, and health

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  • Cao, Yue
  • Hwang, Sean-Shong
  • Xi, Juan

Abstract

It has been estimated that about 15 million people are displaced by development projects around the world each year. Despite the magnitude of people affected, research on the health and other impacts of project-induced displacement is rare. This study extends existing knowledge by exploring the short-term health impact of a large scale population displacement resulting from China’s Three Gorges Dam Project. The study is theoretically guided by the stress process model, but we supplement it with Cernea’s Impoverishment Risks and Reconstruction (IRR) model widely used in displacement literature. Our panel analysis indicates that the displacement is associated positively with relocatees’ depression level, and negatively with their self-rated health measured against a control group. In addition, a path analysis suggests that displacement also affects depression and self-rated health indirectly by changing social integration, socioeconomic status, and community resources. The importance of social integration as a protective mechanism, a factor that has been overlooked in past studies of population displacement, is highlighted in this study.

Suggested Citation

  • Cao, Yue & Hwang, Sean-Shong & Xi, Juan, 2012. "Project-induced displacement, secondary stressors, and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(7), pages 1130-1138.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:74:y:2012:i:7:p:1130-1138
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.034
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hwang, Sean-Shong & Cao, Yue & Xi, Juan, 2010. "Project-induced migration and depression: A panel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(11), pages 1765-1772, June.
    2. Scott Lynch, 2003. "Cohort and life-course patterns in the relationship between education and health: A hierarchical approach," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 40(2), pages 309-331, May.
    3. Ren, Xinhua S. & Skinner, Katherine & Lee, Austin & Kazis, Lewis, 1999. "Social support, social selection and self-assessed health status: results from the veterans health study in the United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 48(12), pages 1721-1734, June.
    4. Cernea, Michael, 1997. "The risks and reconstruction model for resettling displaced populations," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 25(10), pages 1569-1587, October.
    5. Hwang, Sean-Shong & Xi, Juan & Cao, Yue & Feng, Xiaotian & Qiao, Xiaofei, 2007. "Anticipation of migration and psychological stress and the Three Gorges Dam project, China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(5), pages 1012-1024, September.
    6. Sean-Shong Hwang & Yue Cao & Juan Xi, 2011. "The Short-Term Impact of Involuntary Migration in China’s Three Gorges: A Prospective Study," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 101(1), pages 73-92, March.
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    1. Jinfeng Zhang, 2019. "How Community Participation Promotes the Relocation Adjustment of Older Women: A Moderated Mediation Analysis," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 143(2), pages 637-655, June.

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