Preparation, Participation and Impact (PPI): the best practice principles of Place-Based Approaches (PBAs)

Place-based approaches (PBAs) are becoming increasingly popular across government, public health research and practice to improve health and wellbeing in areas of poor health and disadvantage. As a relatively new approach, the literature on best practice for PBAs is emergent, and delivery methods are often diverse. We explored the essential key principles and considerations for best practice, with the aim of developing a framework for PBAs. Using Grounded Theory methodology, 23 interviews were conducted with participants from Australia, United Kingdom, Canada and New Zealand. Purposive sampling was used to recruit community members, policymakers and funders, program officers, Aboriginal leaders and researchers. The data was analysed thematically. We identified three key principles of PBAs: Preparation, Participation and Impact (PPI) which are critical at all stages to reach the key outcomes of: 1. Understanding People and Place; 2. Connecting with Community; and 3. Shifting the System. At all times, the need to ensure that power is balanced is critical to fostering an inclusive engagement process. By following the principles outlined in this evidence-based framework, communities, funders and those involved in developing and delivering place-based programs can work together to address complex problems in a way that values the lived experience of community members and optimises the chances of achieving long-term health improvement.