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Review of primary voltage and frequency control methods for inverter-based islanded microgrids with distributed generation

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  • Rokrok, Ebrahim
  • Shafie-khah, Miadreza
  • Catalão, João P.S.

Abstract

Microgrid (MG) is a relatively new concept for the integration of distributed generation (DG) along with the loads in a distribution system. Islanded microgrid can be considered as a weak grid that has less inertia compared with the conventional power system. This reality makes the microgrid vulnerable to contingencies. Towards a flexible, safe and secure operation of an islanded MG, researchers have introduced a hierarchical control structure comprising tertiary, secondary and primary control. The primary control plays an important role in maintaining the voltage and frequency stability by sharing the loads among the DGs. This paper reviews and categorizes various primary control methods that have been introduced to control the voltage and frequency of inverter-based microgrids. Moreover, the reviewed methods in terms of their potential advantages and disadvantages are compared. Finally, the future trends are presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Rokrok, Ebrahim & Shafie-khah, Miadreza & Catalão, João P.S., 2018. "Review of primary voltage and frequency control methods for inverter-based islanded microgrids with distributed generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3225-3235.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:82:y:2018:i:p3:p:3225-3235
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.022
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vandoorn, T.L. & De Kooning, J.D.M. & Meersman, B. & Vandevelde, L., 2013. "Review of primary control strategies for islanded microgrids with power-electronic interfaces," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 613-628.
    2. Planas, Estefanía & Gil-de-Muro, Asier & Andreu, Jon & Kortabarria, Iñigo & Martínez de Alegría, Iñigo, 2013. "General aspects, hierarchical controls and droop methods in microgrids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 147-159.
    3. Rajesh, K.S. & Dash, S.S. & Rajagopal, Ragam & Sridhar, R., 2017. "A review on control of ac microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 814-819.
    4. Palizban, Omid & Kauhaniemi, Kimmo, 2015. "Hierarchical control structure in microgrids with distributed generation: Island and grid-connected mode," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 797-813.
    5. Andishgar, Mohammad Hadi & Gholipour, Eskandar & Hooshmand, Rahmat-allah, 2017. "An overview of control approaches of inverter-based microgrids in islanding mode of operation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1043-1060.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rao, Yingqing & Yang, Jun & Xiao, Jinxing & Xu, Bingyan & Liu, Wenjing & Li, Yonghui, 2021. "A frequency control strategy for multimicrogrids with V2G based on the improved robust model predictive control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    2. Wang, Xuebin & Song, Wenle & Wu, Haotian & Liang, Haiping & Saboor, Ahmed, 2022. "Microgrid operation relying on economic problems considering renewable sources, storage system, and demand-side management using developed gray wolf optimization algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    3. Katja Sirviö & Kimmo Kauhaniemi & Aushiq Ali Memon & Hannu Laaksonen & Lauri Kumpulainen, 2020. "Functional Analysis of the Microgrid Concept Applied to Case Studies of the Sundom Smart Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-31, August.
    4. El-Bidairi, Kutaiba S. & Nguyen, Hung Duc & Mahmoud, Thair S. & Jayasinghe, S.D.G. & Guerrero, Josep M., 2020. "Optimal sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems for dynamic frequency control in an islanded microgrid: A case study of Flinders Island, Australia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    5. Shi, Jiaqi & Ma, Liya & Li, Chenchen & Liu, Nian & Zhang, Jianhua, 2022. "A comprehensive review of standards for distributed energy resource grid-integration and microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    6. Yamashita, Daniela Yassuda & Vechiu, Ionel & Gaubert, Jean-Paul, 2020. "A review of hierarchical control for building microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    7. Seyfettin Vadi & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban & Ramazan Bayindir & Frede Blaabjerg & Lucian Mihet-Popa, 2019. "A Review on Optimization and Control Methods Used to Provide Transient Stability in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-20, September.
    8. Óscar Gonzales-Zurita & Jean-Michel Clairand & Elisa Peñalvo-López & Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá, 2020. "Review on Multi-Objective Control Strategies for Distributed Generation on Inverter-Based Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-29, July.

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