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A review of production and upgrading of algal bio-oil

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  • Saber, Mohammad
  • Nakhshiniev, Bakhtiyor
  • Yoshikawa, Kunio

Abstract

Depletion of the oil reservoirs necessitates developing renewable fuels to replace petroleum-based fuels. Biomass-derived fuels with zero net CO2 emission are promising substitutes for fossil fuels. Bio-oil has been considered as an alternative energy source for fuel applications. At the present time, there are two principal processes for bio-oil production from biomass: pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. Pyrolysis requires drying of feedstock which increases the energy consumption of the process. On the other hand, hydrothermal liquefaction is conducted in aqueous environment which makes it suitable for aquatic plants and wet biomass. One of the main challenges in bio-oil application is the poor quality of the bio-oil. Bio-oil has undesirable properties such as high oxygen content and acidity which requires upgrading of the bio-oil for fuel application. This article reviews bio-oil production and upgrading techniques from algae (micro- and macro-algae). The chemistry and characteristics of bio-oil as well as recommendations for future works are also covered in this paper.

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  • Saber, Mohammad & Nakhshiniev, Bakhtiyor & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2016. "A review of production and upgrading of algal bio-oil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 918-930.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:58:y:2016:i:c:p:918-930
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.342
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    15. Li, Xin & Luo, Xingyi & Jin, Yangbin & Li, Jinyan & Zhang, Hongdan & Zhang, Aiping & Xie, Jun, 2018. "Heterogeneous sulfur-free hydrodeoxygenation catalysts for selectively upgrading the renewable bio-oils to second generation biofuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3762-3797.
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    17. Lee, Jechan & Choi, Dongho & Kwon, Eilhann E. & Ok, Yong Sik, 2017. "Functional modification of hydrothermal liquefaction products of microalgal biomass using CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 412-418.
    18. Yuan, Xingzhong & Ding, Xiaowei & Leng, Lijian & Li, Hui & Shao, Jianguang & Qian, Yingying & Huang, Huajun & Chen, Xiaohong & Zeng, Guangming, 2018. "Applications of bio-oil-based emulsions in a DI diesel engine: The effects of bio-oil compositions on engine performance and emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 110-118.
    19. Kumar, Mayank & Olajire Oyedun, Adetoyese & Kumar, Amit, 2018. "A review on the current status of various hydrothermal technologies on biomass feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 1742-1770.
    20. Xu, Donghai & Guo, Shuwei & Liu, Liang & Lin, Guike & Wu, Zhiqiang & Guo, Yang & Wang, Shuzhong, 2019. "Heterogeneous catalytic effects on the characteristics of water-soluble and water-insoluble biocrudes in chlorella hydrothermal liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C), pages 165-174.
    21. Qiu, Yi & Cheng, Jun & Guo, Hao & Zhang, Ze & Yang, Weijuan & Cen, Kefa, 2019. "Mild hydrothermal treatment on microalgal biomass in batch reactors for lipids hydrolysis and solvent-free extraction to produce biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).

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