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Predicting wind turbine blade loads and aeroelastic response using a coupled CFD–CSD method

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  • Yu, Dong Ok
  • Kwon, Oh Joon

Abstract

The aeroelastic response and the airloads of horizontal-axis wind turbine rotor blades were numerically investigated using a coupled CFD–CSD method. The blade aerodynamic loads were obtained from a Navier–Stokes CFD flow solver based on unstructured meshes. The blade elastic deformation was calculated using a FEM-based CSD solver which employs a nonlinear coupled flap-lag-torsion beam theory. The coupling of the CFD and CSD solvers was accomplished in a loosely coupled manner by exchanging the information between the two solvers at infrequent intervals. At first, the present coupled CFD–CSD method was applied to the NREL 5MW reference wind turbine rotor under steady axial flow conditions, and the mean rotor loads and the static blade deformation were compared with other predicted results. Then, the unsteady blade aerodynamic loads and the dynamic blade response due to rotor shaft tilt and tower interference were investigated, along with the influence of the gravitational force. It was found that due to the aeroelastic blade deformation, the blade aerodynamic loads are significantly reduced, and the unsteady dynamic load behaviors are also changed, particularly by the torsional deformation. From the observation of the tower interference, it was also found that the aerodynamic loads are abruptly reduced as the blades pass by the tower, resulting in oscillatory blade deformation and vibratory loads, particularly in the flapwise direction.

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  • Yu, Dong Ok & Kwon, Oh Joon, 2014. "Predicting wind turbine blade loads and aeroelastic response using a coupled CFD–CSD method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 184-196.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:70:y:2014:i:c:p:184-196
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.03.033
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    Cited by:

    1. Della Posta, Giacomo & Leonardi, Stefano & Bernardini, Matteo, 2022. "A two-way coupling method for the study of aeroelastic effects in large wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 971-992.
    2. Gilberto Santo & Mathijs Peeters & Wim Van Paepegem & Joris Degroote, 2019. "Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Tower Dam and Rotor Misalignment on Performance and Loads of a Large Wind Turbine in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, March.
    3. Win Naung, Shine & Nakhchi, Mahdi Erfanian & Rahmati, Mohammad, 2021. "High-fidelity CFD simulations of two wind turbines in arrays using nonlinear frequency domain solution method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 984-1005.
    4. Greco, Luca & Testa, Claudio, 2021. "Wind turbine unsteady aerodynamics and performance by a free-wake panel method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 444-459.
    5. Wang, Lin & Liu, Xiongwei & Kolios, Athanasios, 2016. "State of the art in the aeroelasticity of wind turbine blades: Aeroelastic modelling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 195-210.
    6. Haojie Kang & Bofeng Xu & Xiang Shen & Zhen Li & Xin Cai & Zhiqiang Hu, 2023. "Comparison of Blade Aeroelastic Responses between Upwind and Downwind of 10 MW Wind Turbines under the Shear Wind Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-13, March.
    7. Zhang, Dongqin & Liu, Zhenqing & Li, Weipeng & Hu, Gang, 2023. "LES simulation study of wind turbine aerodynamic characteristics with fluid-structure interaction analysis considering blade and tower flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    8. Win Naung, Shine & Rahmati, Mohammad & Farokhi, Hamed, 2021. "Nonlinear frequency domain solution method for aerodynamic and aeromechanical analysis of wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 66-81.
    9. Jia, Yaya & Huang, Jiachen & Liu, Qingkuan & Zhao, Zonghan & Dong, Menghui, 2024. "The wind tunnel test research on the aerodynamic stability of wind turbine airfoils," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    10. Pan He & Jian Xia, 2022. "Study on the Influence of Low-Level Jet on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Rotor Based on the Aerodynamics–Controller Interaction Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    11. Gilberto Santo & Mathijs Peeters & Wim Van Paepegem & Joris Degroote, 2020. "Fluid–Structure Interaction Simulations of a Wind Gust Impacting on the Blades of a Large Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-20, January.
    12. Youngjin Kim & Oh Joon Kwon, 2019. "Effect of Platform Motion on Aerodynamic Performance and Aeroelastic Behavior of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-24, June.
    13. Liu, Xiong & Lu, Cheng & Liang, Shi & Godbole, Ajit & Chen, Yan, 2017. "Vibration-induced aerodynamic loads on large horizontal axis wind turbine blades," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1109-1119.
    14. Amna Algolfat & Weizhuo Wang & Alhussein Albarbar, 2022. "Study of Centrifugal Stiffening on the Free Vibrations and Dynamic Response of Offshore Wind Turbine Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-19, August.
    15. Ponta, Fernando L. & Otero, Alejandro D. & Lago, Lucas I. & Rajan, Anurag, 2016. "Effects of rotor deformation in wind-turbine performance: The Dynamic Rotor Deformation Blade Element Momentum model (DRD–BEM)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 157-170.
    16. Santo, G. & Peeters, M. & Van Paepegem, W. & Degroote, J., 2019. "Dynamic load and stress analysis of a large horizontal axis wind turbine using full scale fluid-structure interaction simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 212-226.
    17. Mustafa Kaya, 2019. "A CFD Based Application of Support Vector Regression to Determine the Optimum Smooth Twist for Wind Turbine Blades," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-25, August.
    18. Zhang, Xiaoling & Zhang, Kejia & Yang, Xiao & Fazeres-Ferradosa, Tiago & Zhu, Shun-Peng, 2023. "Transfer learning and direct probability integral method based reliability analysis for offshore wind turbine blades under multi-physics coupling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 552-565.

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