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Exploring innovative enhanced 3-channel and 4-channel serpentine-based flow fields for PEM fuel cells: Performance and uniformity analysis

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  • J. Luis, Luviano-Ortiz
  • Mario A., Gonzalez-Gonzalez
  • Ramon, Alvarez-Bedolla
  • Abel, Hernandez-Guerrero

Abstract

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a promising clean energy technology; however, their performance strongly depends on the flow field design, which governs reactant distribution, water management, and pressure losses. This study proposes two novel serpentine-based flow field geometries—a three-channel (3CFFS) and a four-channel (4CFFS) configuration—aimed at enhancing flow uniformity and electrochemical performance. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations revealed that both designs outperform the conventional serpentine pattern, achieving improved reactant distribution, enhanced water removal, and higher efficiency. The 4CFFS, in particular, reduce the pressure drop by 58.3% and increase the net power output by 3.9% under low stoichiometric conditions, demonstrating strong potential for more efficient and scalable PEMFC stack designs.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Luis, Luviano-Ortiz & Mario A., Gonzalez-Gonzalez & Ramon, Alvarez-Bedolla & Abel, Hernandez-Guerrero, 2026. "Exploring innovative enhanced 3-channel and 4-channel serpentine-based flow fields for PEM fuel cells: Performance and uniformity analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:263:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126003071
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125482
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