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Backstepping sliding mode control for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic hydrogen production systems

Author

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  • Zheng, Feiyang
  • Sun, Lin
  • Zhang, Xinman
  • He, Renchu

Abstract

Green hydrogen production systems are crucial for achieving carbon neutrality, and the control performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems significantly affects the efficiency and stability of electrolysis process. This paper proposed a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) optimization strategy based on backstepping sliding mode control (BSMC) method, aimed at enhancing the dynamic response speed and robustness of the PV system. An integrated model of PV array with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is firstly developed to analyze the dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, in order to enhance the disturbance rejection capability of the system and avoid the chattering phenomenon inherent in sliding mode control (SMC), the idea of combining backstepping method with SMC was implemented. Then, the BSMC algorithm was derived in detail and the existence of the sliding surface was rigorously verified. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach are validated. Compared to the conventional Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, the proposed BSMC method maintains a MPPT error below 1.2 % and achieves a 57 % reduction in response time.

Suggested Citation

  • Zheng, Feiyang & Sun, Lin & Zhang, Xinman & He, Renchu, 2026. "Backstepping sliding mode control for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic hydrogen production systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:259:y:2026:i:c:s0960148125027090
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.125045
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