IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v249y2025ics096014812500905x.html

To what extent the number of bypass diodes influence the performance of PV modules: probabilistic assessment

Author

Listed:
  • Sezgin-Ugranlı, Hatice Gül

Abstract

The growing reliance on PV systems necessitates in-depth understanding of relationship between bypass diodes and probabilistic non-uniform irradiance from the perspective of global MPP. Non-uniform irradiance conditions cause the global MPP occurring at different locations on power-voltage curve. Thus, not only the power but also the probability of voltage locations is of great importance for system performance. By developing a customizable cell-based model on Simscape, current, voltage, and power probability densities are obtained under heavily to lightly non-uniform conditions. Probabilistic analyses are then performed considering different bypass diode configurations and series-connected PV modules. The voltage ranges corresponding to global MPPs are identified, and it is assessed-probabilistically-whether these MPPs occur near open-circuit or short-circuit regions, as well as how wide voltage window is. These voltages are observed to cluster in certain bands. Another important question is how voltage bands and probabilities change with shading and at which shading intensity number of bypass diodes is effective in improving performance. The threshold non-uniform irradiance is analyzed through the results obtained depending on number of bypass diodes and modules. Findings reveal that, depending on shading intensity, increasing number of bypass diodes can enhance power output by up to 113 % compared to conventional PV modules.

Suggested Citation

  • Sezgin-Ugranlı, Hatice Gül, 2025. "To what extent the number of bypass diodes influence the performance of PV modules: probabilistic assessment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:249:y:2025:i:c:s096014812500905x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123243
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096014812500905X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2025.123243?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fauzan, Luthfan & Sim, Yeon Hyang & Yun, Min Ju & Choi, Hyekyoung & Lee, Dong Yoon & Cha, Seung I., 2025. "Power from shaded photovoltaic modules through bypass-diode-assisted small-area high-voltage structures," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    2. Wang, Yaw-Juen & Hsu, Po-Chun, 2011. "An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 3069-3078.
    3. Wang, Ningbo & Guo, Yanhua & Liu, Lu & Shao, Shuangquan, 2024. "Numerical assessment and optimization of photovoltaic-based hydrogen-oxygen Co-production energy system: A machine learning and multi-objective strategy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    4. Silvestre, S. & Boronat, A. & Chouder, A., 2009. "Study of bypass diodes configuration on PV modules," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(9), pages 1632-1640, September.
    5. Romênia G. Vieira & Fábio M. U. de Araújo & Mahmoud Dhimish & Maria I. S. Guerra, 2020. "A Comprehensive Review on Bypass Diode Application on Photovoltaic Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-21, May.
    6. Yadav, Anurag Singh & Mukherjee, V., 2022. "Comprehensive investigation of various bypass diode associations for killer-SuDoKu PV array under several shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    7. Appelbaum, Joseph & Aronescu, Avi, 2022. "Inter-row spacing calculation in photovoltaic fields - A new approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 387-394.
    8. Yadav, Vinod Kumar & Yadav, Abhishek & Yadav, Ranjana & Mittal, Aaradhya & Wazir, Nadeem Hussain & Gupta, Shubham & Pachauri, Rupendra Kumar & Ghosh, Santosh, 2022. "A novel reconfiguration technique for improvement of PV reliability," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 508-520.
    9. Xu, Luting & Ding, Pei & Zhang, Yan & Huang, Yijing & Li, Jimei & Ma, Ruihua, 2024. "Sensitivity analysis of the shading effects from obstructions at different positions on solar photovoltaic panels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    10. Singh, Rashmi & Sharma, Madhu & Yadav, Kamlesh, 2022. "Degradation and reliability analysis of photovoltaic modules after operating for 12 years: A case study with comparisons," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 1170-1186.
    11. Verma, Ravikant & Gupta, Shubhrata & Yadav, Anamika, 2024. "Performance evaluation of different photovoltaic array configurations under partial shading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PC).
    12. Cheng-En Ye & Cheng-Chi Tai & Yu-Pei Huang, 2023. "Disperse Partial Shading Effect of Photovoltaic Array by Means of the Modified Complementary SuDoKu Puzzle Topology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.
    13. Lappalainen, Kari & Valkealahti, Seppo, 2020. "Number of maximum power points in photovoltaic arrays during partial shading events by clouds," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 812-822.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hatice Gül Sezgin-Ugranlı, 2025. "Photovoltaic System Performance Under Partial Shading Conditions: Insight into the Roles of Bypass Diode Numbers and Inverter Efficiency Curve," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-25, May.
    2. Hasan, M.A. & Parida, S.K., 2016. "An overview of solar photovoltaic panel modeling based on analytical and experimental viewpoint," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 75-83.
    3. Pareek, Smita & Dahiya, Ratna, 2016. "Enhanced power generation of partial shaded photovoltaic fields by forecasting the interconnection of modules," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 561-572.
    4. Belhachat, Faiza & Larbes, Cherif, 2017. "Global maximum power point tracking based on ANFIS approach for PV array configurations under partial shading conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 875-889.
    5. Woo Gyun Shin & Suk Whan Ko & Hyung Jun Song & Young Chul Ju & Hye Mi Hwang & Gi Hwan Kang, 2018. "Origin of Bypass Diode Fault in c-Si Photovoltaic Modules: Leakage Current under High Surrounding Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-11, September.
    6. Dolara, Alberto & Lazaroiu, George Cristian & Leva, Sonia & Manzolini, Giampaolo, 2013. "Experimental investigation of partial shading scenarios on PV (photovoltaic) modules," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 466-475.
    7. Ko, Suk Whan & Ju, Young Chul & Hwang, Hye Mi & So, Jung Hun & Jung, Young-Seok & Song, Hyung-Jun & Song, Hee-eun & Kim, Soo-Hyun & Kang, Gi Hwan, 2017. "Electric and thermal characteristics of photovoltaic modules under partial shading and with a damaged bypass diode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 232-243.
    8. Yadav, Anurag Singh & Mukherjee, V., 2021. "Conventional and advanced PV array configurations to extract maximum power under partial shading conditions: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 977-1005.
    9. Yadav, Vinod Kumar & Behera, Anwesh Devratna & Singh, Ranjeet & Maheshwari, Anubhav & Ghosh, Santosh & Prakash, Abhijeet, 2023. "A novel PV array reconfiguration technique based on circular array data structure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    10. Manoharan Premkumar & Umashankar Subramaniam & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Lucian Mihet-Popa, 2020. "Evaluation of Mathematical Model to Characterize the Performance of Conventional and Hybrid PV Array Topologies under Static and Dynamic Shading Patterns," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-37, June.
    11. Yadav, Anurag Singh & Mukherjee, V., 2022. "Comprehensive investigation of various bypass diode associations for killer-SuDoKu PV array under several shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    12. Alexander Abramovitz & Doron Shmilovitz, 2021. "Short Survey of Architectures of Photovoltaic Arrays for Solar Power Generation Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-28, August.
    13. Bressan, M. & Gutierrez, A. & Garcia Gutierrez, L. & Alonso, C., 2018. "Development of a real-time hot-spot prevention using an emulator of partially shaded PV systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 334-343.
    14. Celik, Berk & Karatepe, Engin & Gokmen, Nuri & Silvestre, Santiago, 2013. "A virtual reality study of surrounding obstacles on BIPV systems for estimation of long-term performance of partially shaded PV arrays," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 402-414.
    15. Celik, Berk & Karatepe, Engin & Silvestre, Santiago & Gokmen, Nuri & Chouder, Aissa, 2015. "Analysis of spatial fixed PV arrays configurations to maximize energy harvesting in BIPV applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 534-540.
    16. Dhimish, Mahmoud & Holmes, Violeta & Mehrdadi, Bruce & Dales, Mark & Chong, Benjamin & Zhang, Li, 2017. "Seven indicators variations for multiple PV array configurations under partial shading and faulty PV conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 438-460.
    17. Haoming Liu & Muhammad Yasir Ali Khan & Xiaoling Yuan, 2023. "Hybrid Maximum Power Extraction Methods for Photovoltaic Systems: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-64, July.
    18. Mahmoud Dhimish & Pavlos I. Lazaridis, 2022. "Approximating Shading Ratio Using the Total-Sky Imaging System: An Application for Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-16, November.
    19. Yin, Rumeng & He, Jiang, 2023. "Design of a photovoltaic electric bike battery-sharing system in public transit stations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    20. Zhang, Shuo & Jiang, Wei & Wang, Teng & Zhang, Yufei & Yuan, Dongdong, 2026. "A comprehensive framework for the design and evaluation of photovoltaic self-sufficient energy systems in highway service areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PA).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:249:y:2025:i:c:s096014812500905x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.