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Probabilistic assessments in relationship with safety integrity levels by using Fault Trees

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  • Dutuit, Y.
  • Innal, F.
  • Rauzy, A.
  • Signoret, J.-P.

Abstract

In this article, we study the assessment of safety integrity levels of safety-instrumented system by means of Fault Trees. We focus on functions with a low demand rate. For these functions, the appropriate measure of performance is the so-called probability of failure on demand (PFD) or probability of not functioning on demand. In order to calculate accurately the average PFD as per IEC 61508 standard, we introduce distributions for periodically tested components into Fault Tree models. We point out the specific problems raised by the assessment of safety integrity levels (SILs), which restrict the use of the formulae proposed in the standard. Among these problems there is the fact that SIL should be assessed by considering the time-dependent behavior of the system unavailability in addition to its average value. We check, on a simple pressure protection system, the results obtained by means of the Fault Tree approach against those obtained by means of stochastic Petri nets with predicates.

Suggested Citation

  • Dutuit, Y. & Innal, F. & Rauzy, A. & Signoret, J.-P., 2008. "Probabilistic assessments in relationship with safety integrity levels by using Fault Trees," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 93(12), pages 1867-1876.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:93:y:2008:i:12:p:1867-1876
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2008.03.024
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    Cited by:

    1. Gabriel, Angelito & Ozansoy, Cagil & Shi, Juan, 2018. "Developments in SIL determination and calculation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 148-161.
    2. Jocelyn, Sabrina & Baudoin, James & Chinniah, Yuvin & Charpentier, Philippe, 2014. "Feasibility study and uncertainties in the validation of an existing safety-related control circuit with the ISO 13849-1:2006 design standard," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 104-112.
    3. Palmer, C. & Chung, P.W.H., 2009. "An automated system for batch hazard and operability studies," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 94(6), pages 1095-1106.
    4. Alizadeh, Siamak & Sriramula, Srinivas, 2018. "Impact of common cause failure on reliability performance of redundant safety related systems subject to process demand," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 129-150.
    5. Monnin, Maxime & Iung, Benoit & Sénéchal, Olivier, 2011. "Dynamic behavioural model for assessing impact of regeneration actions on system availability: Application to weapon systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 96(3), pages 410-424.
    6. Ding, Long & Wang, Hong & Kang, Kai & Wang, Kai, 2014. "A novel method for SIL verification based on system degradation using reliability block diagram," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 36-45.
    7. Mechri, Walid & Simon, Christophe & BenOthman, Kamel, 2015. "Switching Markov chains for a holistic modeling of SIS unavailability," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 212-222.
    8. W Mechri & C Simon & K Ben Othman, 2011. "Uncertainty analysis of common cause failure in safety instrumented systems," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 225(4), pages 450-460, December.
    9. Lijie, Chen & Tao, Tang & Xianqiong, Zhao & Schnieder, Eckehard, 2012. "Verification of the safety communication protocol in train control system using colored Petri net," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 8-18.
    10. Wang, Chuan & Liu, Yupeng & Wang, Dongbo & Wang, Guorong & Wang, Dingya & Yu, Chao, 2021. "Reliability evaluation method based on dynamic fault diagnosis results: A case study of a seabed mud lifting system," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    11. Yılmaz, Emre & German, Brian J. & Pritchett, Amy R., 2023. "Optimizing resource allocations to improve system reliability via the propagation of statistical moments through fault trees," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    12. Torres-Echeverría, A.C. & Martorell, S. & Thompson, H.A., 2011. "Modeling safety instrumented systems with MooN voting architectures addressing system reconfiguration for testing," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 96(5), pages 545-563.
    13. Hokstad, Per, 2014. "Demand rate and risk reduction for safety instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 12-20.
    14. Zhang, Aibo & Srivastav, Himanshu & Barros, Anne & Liu, Yiliu, 2021. "Study of testing and maintenance strategies for redundant final elements in SIS with imperfect detection of degraded state," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    15. Misuri, Alessio & Landucci, Gabriele & Cozzani, Valerio, 2021. "Assessment of safety barrier performance in the mitigation of domino scenarios caused by Natech events," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    16. Cai, Baoping & Liu, Yu & Fan, Qian, 2016. "A multiphase dynamic Bayesian networks methodology for the determination of safety integrity levels," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 105-115.
    17. Fernando Santos & Ângelo P Teixeira & C Guedes Soares, 2015. "Modelling and simulation of the operation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 229(5), pages 385-393, October.
    18. Florent Brissaud & Anne Barros & Christophe Bérenguer, 2012. "Probability of failure on demand of safety systems: impact of partial test distribution," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 226(4), pages 426-436, August.
    19. Kiswendsida Abel Ouedraogo & Julie Beugin & El‐Miloudi El‐Koursi & Joffrey Clarhaut & Dominique Renaux & Frederic Lisiecki, 2018. "Toward an Application Guide for Safety Integrity Level Allocation in Railway Systems," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(8), pages 1634-1655, August.
    20. Innal, Fares & Dutuit, Yves & Chebila, Mourad, 2015. "Safety and operational integrity evaluation and design optimization of safety instrumented systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 32-50.
    21. Innal, Fares & Lundteigen, Mary Ann & Liu, Yiliu & Barros, Anne, 2016. "PFDavg generalized formulas for SIS subject to partial and full periodic tests based on multi-phase Markov models," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 160-170.
    22. Oliveira, Luiz Fernando & Abramovitch, Rafael Nelson, 2010. "Extension of ISA TR84.00.02 PFD equations to KooN architectures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 95(7), pages 707-715.
    23. Son, Kwang Seop & Seong, Seung Hwan & Kang, Hyun Gook & Jang, Gwi Sook, 2020. "Development of state-based integrated dependability model of RPS in NPPs considering CCF and periodic testing effects at the early design phase," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).

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