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An empirical study on the effect of an obstacle on the inflow process

Author

Listed:
  • Hu, Yanghui
  • Bi, Yubo
  • Li, Hongliu
  • Gao, Wei
  • Zhang, Jun
  • Song, Weiguo

Abstract

The inflow process of pedestrians is a common phenomenon in daily life, yet it has received little attention in the pedestrian dynamics field. This study aims to investigate the impact of an obstacle on the inflow process and determine if the conclusion that the existence of obstacles at the exit may improve evacuation efficiency also applies to the inflow process. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of an obstacle on the inflow process by setting a stationary pedestrian as an obstacle and changing the distance between the obstacle and the entrance. The results indicate that the presence of an obstacle has a significant impact on pedestrian trajectory, with a notable increase in the deflection angle of pedestrian trajectories. However, the stationary pedestrian has no statistical impact on the dynamic system of the entry process, such as the specific flow rate and time headway. The presence of the obstacle pedestrian significantly inhibits the movement speed of pedestrians after entering the room. The risk degree of the crowd was evaluated using ‘crowd pressure’, which is the product of density and speed variance. The presence of the obstacle effectively reduces the high ‘crowd pressure’ in front of and behind the entrance, making the entire entry process safer. The distribution of pedestrian destinations in a room is uneven, and the presence of the obstacle can affect pedestrians to stop in areas close to the entrance and on both sides of the obstacle. Therefore, our research results indicate that there is a difference in the impact of pedestrian obstacles at the entrance and exit obstacles on pedestrian dynamics. This difference deserves researchers’ attention and our findings can provide useful references for risk control and crowd management during the inflow process.

Suggested Citation

  • Hu, Yanghui & Bi, Yubo & Li, Hongliu & Gao, Wei & Zhang, Jun & Song, Weiguo, 2023. "An empirical study on the effect of an obstacle on the inflow process," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 621(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:621:y:2023:i:c:s0378437123003436
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2023.128788
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liu, Xiaodong & Song, Weiguo & Fu, Libi & Fang, Zhiming, 2016. "Experimental study of pedestrian inflow in a room with a separate entrance and exit," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 442(C), pages 224-238.
    2. Ezaki, Takahiro & Yanagisawa, Daichi & Ohtsuka, Kazumichi & Nishinari, Katsuhiro, 2012. "Simulation of space acquisition process of pedestrians using Proxemic Floor Field Model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(1), pages 291-299.
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    4. Ren, Xiangxia & Zhang, Jun & Song, Weiguo & Cao, Shuchao, 2021. "Mechanisms of passing through short exits for the elderly and young adults," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 195-213.
    5. Lian, Liping & Song, Weiguo & Yuen, Kwok Kit Richard & Telesca, Luciano, 2018. "Investigating the time evolution of some parameters describing inflow processes of pedestrians in a room," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 507(C), pages 77-88.
    6. Li Jiang & Jingyu Li & Chao Shen & Sicong Yang & Zhangang Han, 2014. "Obstacle Optimization for Panic Flow - Reducing the Tangential Momentum Increases the Escape Speed," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(12), pages 1-15, December.
    7. Shi, Xiaomeng & Ye, Zhirui & Shiwakoti, Nirajan & Tang, Dounan & Lin, Junkai, 2019. "Examining effect of architectural adjustment on pedestrian crowd flow at bottleneck," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 522(C), pages 350-364.
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