IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/phsmap/v389y2010i13p2654-2662.html

Complex networks constructed from irrational number sequences

Author

Listed:
  • Chen, Chen
  • Lu, Jun-an
  • Wu, Xiaoqun

Abstract

In this paper, we construct (d,r) networks from sequences of different irrational numbers. In detail, segment an irrational number sequence of length M into groups of d digits which represent the nodes while two consecutive groups overlap by r digits (r=0,1,…,d−1), and the undirected edges indicate the adjacency between two consecutive groups. (3,r) and (4,r) networks are respectively constructed from 14 different irrational numbers and their topological properties are examined. By observation, we find that network topologies change with different values of d, r and even sequence length M instead of the types of irrational numbers, although they share some similar features with traditional random graphs. We make a further investigation to explain these interesting phenomena and propose the identical-degree random graph model. The results presented in this paper provide some insight into distributions of irrational number digits that may help better understanding of the nature of irrational numbers.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Chen & Lu, Jun-an & Wu, Xiaoqun, 2010. "Complex networks constructed from irrational number sequences," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(13), pages 2654-2662.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:389:y:2010:i:13:p:2654-2662
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2010.02.033
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437110001603
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only. Journal offers the option of making the article available online on Science direct for a fee of $3,000
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.physa.2010.02.033?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Réka Albert & Hawoong Jeong & Albert-László Barabási, 2000. "Error and attack tolerance of complex networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 406(6794), pages 378-382, July.
    2. Steven H. Strogatz, 2001. "Exploring complex networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 410(6825), pages 268-276, March.
    3. Lui, Kenneth W.K. & So, H.C. & Chen, Guanrong, 2008. "The π sequence as a complex network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(22), pages 5653-5661.
    4. Barabási, Albert-László & Albert, Réka & Jeong, Hawoong, 1999. "Mean-field theory for scale-free random networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 272(1), pages 173-187.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hu, Xiaohua & Niu, Min, 2023. "Horizontal visibility graphs mapped from multifractal trinomial measures," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 626(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Laurienti, Paul J. & Joyce, Karen E. & Telesford, Qawi K. & Burdette, Jonathan H. & Hayasaka, Satoru, 2011. "Universal fractal scaling of self-organized networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(20), pages 3608-3613.
    2. Chen, Qinghua & Shi, Dinghua, 2006. "Markov chains theory for scale-free networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 360(1), pages 121-133.
    3. Lucas Cuadra & Sancho Salcedo-Sanz & Javier Del Ser & Silvia Jiménez-Fernández & Zong Woo Geem, 2015. "A Critical Review of Robustness in Power Grids Using Complex Networks Concepts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-55, August.
    4. Santiago, A. & Benito, R.M., 2009. "Robustness of heterogeneous complex networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 388(11), pages 2234-2242.
    5. Ying Duan & Xiuwen Fu & Wenfeng Li & Yu Zhang & Giancarlo Fortino, 2017. "Evolution of Scale-Free Wireless Sensor Networks with Feature of Small-World Networks," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2017, pages 1-15, July.
    6. Dan Braha & Yaneer Bar-Yam, 2007. "The Statistical Mechanics of Complex Product Development: Empirical and Analytical Results," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 53(7), pages 1127-1145, July.
    7. Ni, Shunjiang & Weng, Wenguo & Zhang, Hui, 2011. "Modeling the effects of social impact on epidemic spreading in complex networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(23), pages 4528-4534.
    8. Pi, Xiaochen & Tang, Longkun & Chen, Xiangzhong, 2021. "A directed weighted scale-free network model with an adaptive evolution mechanism," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 572(C).
    9. Ikeda, N., 2007. "Network formed by traces of random walks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 379(2), pages 701-713.
    10. Yang, Hyeonchae & Jung, Woo-Sung, 2016. "Structural efficiency to manipulate public research institution networks," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 21-32.
    11. Chai, Yi & Chen, Liping & Wu, Ranchao & Sun, Jian, 2012. "Adaptive pinning synchronization in fractional-order complex dynamical networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(22), pages 5746-5758.
    12. Yao, Jialing & Sun, Bingbin & Xi, lifeng, 2019. "Fractality of evolving self-similar networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 515(C), pages 211-216.
    13. Serra, Roberto & Villani, Marco & Agostini, Luca, 2004. "On the dynamics of random Boolean networks with scale-free outgoing connections," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 339(3), pages 665-673.
    14. Zhou, Bin & He, Zhe & Wang, Nianxin & Wang, Bing-Hong, 2016. "A method of characterizing network topology based on the breadth-first search tree," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 450(C), pages 682-686.
    15. Biao Xiong & Bixin Li & Rong Fan & Qingzhong Zhou & Wu Li, 2017. "Modeling and Simulation for Effectiveness Evaluation of Dynamic Discrete Military Supply Chain Networks," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2017, pages 1-9, October.
    16. Nobuyuki Hanaki & Alexander Peterhansl & Peter S. Dodds & Duncan J. Watts, 2007. "Cooperation in Evolving Social Networks," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 53(7), pages 1036-1050, July.
    17. Johan Rose Santos & Nur Diana Safitri & Maya Safira & Varun Varghese & Makoto Chikaraishi, 2021. "Road network vulnerability and city-level characteristics: A nationwide comparative analysis of Japanese cities," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 48(5), pages 1091-1107, June.
    18. Wouter Vermeer & Otto Koppius & Peter Vervest, 2018. "The Radiation-Transmission-Reception (RTR) model of propagation: Implications for the effectiveness of network interventions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, December.
    19. Li, Chunguang & Chen, Guanrong, 2004. "Synchronization in general complex dynamical networks with coupling delays," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 343(C), pages 263-278.
    20. L. Jarina Banu & P. Balasubramaniam, 2014. "Synchronisation of discrete-time complex networks with randomly occurring uncertainties, nonlinearities and time-delays," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(7), pages 1427-1450, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:389:y:2010:i:13:p:2654-2662. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/physica-a-statistical-mechpplications/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.