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Multilevel empirical research: A call for more mixed-methods approaches

Author

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  • Hernaus, Tomislav
  • Potočnik, Kristina
  • Lira, Eva M.
  • LeBreton, James M.

Abstract

Organizations are complex multilevel social systems, in which individual members frequently execute diverse tasks within their functional units or teams to advance strategic goals over a period of time. Diverse organizational phenomena are, therefore, inherently shaped by factors from different levels and can be comprehensively studied by embracing multilevel research designs. In this introductory paper, we review different multilevel approaches used in management and organization studies to contextualize four papers published as part of this management focus on multilevel research. We also discuss several directions for future research. We strongly advocate for scholars to conduct more multilevel qualitative and mixed-methods studies that can address complex business and societal challenges. The need for such research designs is urgent and important in our scholarly field, and your contribution can make a significant difference.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernaus, Tomislav & Potočnik, Kristina & Lira, Eva M. & LeBreton, James M., 2024. "Multilevel empirical research: A call for more mixed-methods approaches," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 42(4), pages 452-461.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eurman:v:42:y:2024:i:4:p:452-461
    DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.06.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fares, Julian, 2024. "A multi-level typology for stakeholder influence: A systematic literature review using the structural approach," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 42(4), pages 462-478.
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    5. LeNoble, Chelsea A. & Hudson, Matthew F., 2022. "A multilevel approach for advancing organizational interventions," Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Cambridge University Press, vol. 15(1), pages 105-109, March.
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    8. De Keyser, Bart & Vandenbempt, Koen & Guiette, Alain, 2024. "Toward a dynamic understanding of multilevel influences on organizational strategy," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 42(4), pages 479-491.
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    10. van Oorschot, Kim E. & Aas Johansen, Vilde & Lynes Thorup, Nanna & Aspen, Dina Margrethe, 2024. "Standardization cycles in sustainability reporting within the Global Reporting Initiative," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 42(4), pages 492-502.
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    1. Utkarsh Nigoti & Rajasekhar David & Sharda Singh & Rajesh Jain & Nitin Madan Kulkarni, 2025. "Does Flexibility Really Matter to Employees? A Mixed Methods Investigation of Factors Driving Turnover Intention in the Context of the Great Resignation," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 26(1), pages 187-208, March.

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