IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v327y2025ics0360544225019371.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The novel operation strategy of CCHP-GSHP-PV system based on device complementary characteristic considering different storage electricity modes

Author

Listed:
  • Deng, Yan
  • Liu, Yicai

Abstract

The combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP), the ground source heat pump (GSHP), photovoltaic (PV) coupled system enhances operation flexibility and decreases energy consumption. The hydrogen storage electricity (HSE) and battery storage electricity (BSE) solve the temporal mismatch between photovoltaic energy generation and energy demand. Traditional operation strategies, which distribute loads proportionally among equipment, often lead to sharp efficiency declines at reduced loads. To address this issue, this study proposes four novel two-stage operation strategies, which are compared and analyzed against traditional approaches. The optimization objectives of the system include energy efficiency, economic performance, and environmental impact. Using a hotel building in Beijing as a case study, the equipment capacity of the entire system is optimized through a multi-swarm genetic algorithm. The results indicate that, under the proportional distribution operation strategy, the hydrogen storage system outperforms the battery storage system in terms of energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction. But the hydrogen storage system has drawbacks in economic performance. Specifically, the primary energy saving rate reaches 7.78 %, the economic saving rate is −8.63 %, the carbon dioxide emission reduction rate is 7.36 %, and the comprehensive performance index is 2.17 %. Furthermore, within the hydrogen storage electricity model, operation strategy II (OSII) demonstrates the best system performance. Compared with operation strategy I (OSI), OSII achieves primary energy saving rate of 10.32 %, economic saving rate of 6.32 %, carbon dioxide emission reduction rate of 8.62 % and comprehensive performance index of 8.42 %. This work provides valuable guidance on determining device operation priorities and load distribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Deng, Yan & Liu, Yicai, 2025. "The novel operation strategy of CCHP-GSHP-PV system based on device complementary characteristic considering different storage electricity modes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:327:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225019371
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136295
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225019371
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.136295?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Jiangjiang & Zhai, Zhiqiang (John) & Jing, Youyin & Zhang, Chunfa, 2010. "Particle swarm optimization for redundant building cooling heating and power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(12), pages 3668-3679, December.
    2. Ji, Jie & Wen, Wenchao & Xie, Yingqi & Xia, Aoyun & Wang, Wenjie & Xie, Jinbo & Yin, Qingyuan & Ma, Mengyu & Huang, Hui & Huang, Xiaolong & Zhang, Chu & Wang, Yaodong, 2024. "Optimization and uncertainty analysis of Co-combustion ratios in a semi-isolated green energy combined cooling, heating, and power system (SIGE-CCHP)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    3. Zhao, Xin & Zheng, Wenyu & Hou, Zhihua & Chen, Heng & Xu, Gang & Liu, Wenyi & Chen, Honggang, 2022. "Economic dispatch of multi-energy system considering seasonal variation based on hybrid operation strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    4. Wang, Jiang-Jiang & Jing, You-Yin & Zhang, Chun-Fa, 2010. "Optimization of capacity and operation for CCHP system by genetic algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1325-1335, April.
    5. Deng, Yan & Zeng, Rong & Liu, Yicai, 2022. "A novel off-design model to optimize combined cooling, heating and power system with hybrid chillers for different operation strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    6. Ren, Fukang & Wei, Ziqing & Zhai, Xiaoqiang, 2022. "A review on the integration and optimization of distributed energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    7. Cameron, William James & Reddy, K. Srinivas & Mallick, Tapas Kumar, 2022. "Review of high concentration photovoltaic thermal hybrid systems for highly efficient energy cogeneration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    8. Yong, Wen Ni & Liew, Peng Yen & Woon, Kok Sin & Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2021. "A pinch-based multi-energy targeting framework for combined chilling heating power microgrid of urban-industrial symbiosis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    9. Bai, Bing-Lin & Du, Shen & Li, Ming-Jia, 2025. "Photovoltaic efficiency improved by self-adaptive water uptake hydrogel evaporative cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 383(C).
    10. Xu, Yuhao & Luo, Xiaobing & Tu, Zhengkai & Siew Hwa Chan,, 2022. "Multi-criteria assessment of solid oxide fuel cell–combined cooling, heating, and power system model for residential application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    11. Li, Nan & Zhao, Xunwen & Shi, Xunpeng & Pei, Zhenwei & Mu, Hailin & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, 2021. "Integrated energy systems with CCHP and hydrogen supply: A new outlet for curtailed wind power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    12. Ma, Zherui & Wang, Jiangjiang & Dong, Fuxiang & Han, Zepeng & Tian, Lei & Yan, Rujing & Liang, Zhanwei, 2022. "Thermodynamic analysis of fuel-cell-based combined cooling, heating, and power system integrated solar energy and chemical looping hydrogen generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    13. Zhang, Xiaofeng & Yan, Renshi & Zeng, Rong & Zhu, Ruilin & Kong, Xiaoying & He, Yecong & Li, Hongqiang, 2022. "Integrated performance optimization of a biomass-based hybrid hydrogen/thermal energy storage system for building and hydrogen vehicles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 801-818.
    14. Chen, Qian & Burhan, Muhammad & Akhtar, Faheem Hassan & Ybyraiymkul, Doskhan & Shahzad, Muhammad Wakil & Li, Yong & Ng, Kim Choon, 2021. "A decentralized water/electricity cogeneration system integrating concentrated photovoltaic/thermal collectors and vacuum multi-effect membrane distillation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    15. Deng, Yan & Liu, Yicai & Zeng, Rong & Wang, Qianxu & Li, Zheng & Zhang, Yu & Liang, Heng, 2021. "A novel operation strategy based on black hole algorithm to optimize combined cooling, heating, and power-ground source heat pump system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    16. Ren, Fukang & Wei, Ziqing & Zhai, Xiaoqiang, 2021. "Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of hybrid CCHP systems for different building types," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jie, Pengfei & Jin, Xinwei & Zhang, Zhijie & Fu, Yu & Wei, Fengjun, 2025. "Impact of incentive policies on the optimal configuration and performance of biomass gas-driven combined cooling, heating and power system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    2. Deng, Yan & Zeng, Rong & Liu, Yicai, 2022. "A novel off-design model to optimize combined cooling, heating and power system with hybrid chillers for different operation strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    3. Huang, Chang & Yan, Yixian & Madonski, Rafal & Zhang, Qi & Deng, Hui, 2023. "Improving operation strategies for solar-based distributed energy systems: Matching system design with operation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    4. Li, Ling-Ling & Qu, Li-Nan & Tseng, Ming-Lang & Lim, Ming K. & Ren, Xin-Yu & Miao, Yan, 2024. "Optimization and performance assessment of solar-assisted combined cooling, heating and power system systems: Multi-objective gradient-based optimizer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    5. Baohong Jin & Zhichao Liu & Yichuan Liao, 2023. "Exploring the Impact of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Performance by Energy Storage Devices Based on a Bi-Level Dynamic Optimization Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-21, March.
    6. Guozheng Li & Rui Wang & Tao Zhang & Mengjun Ming, 2018. "Multi-Objective Optimal Design of Renewable Energy Integrated CCHP System Using PICEA-g," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-26, March.
    7. Jin, Baohong, 2023. "Impact of renewable energy penetration in power systems on the optimization and operation of regional distributed energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    8. Ren, Xin-Yu & Wang, Zhi-Hua & Li, Ming-Chen & Li, Ling-Ling, 2025. "Optimization and performance analysis of integrated energy systems considering hybrid electro-thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    9. Wang, Jiangjiang & Sui, Jun & Jin, Hongguang, 2015. "An improved operation strategy of combined cooling heating and power system following electrical load," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 654-666.
    10. Sara Dorregaray-Oyaregui & César Martín-Gómez & Amaia Zuazua-Ros & Mónica Aguado, 2025. "Practical Implementation of Hydrogen in Buildings: An Integration Model Based on Flowcharts and a Variable Matrix for Decision-Making," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-19, May.
    11. Ren, Xin-Yu & Li, Ling-Ling & Ji, Bing-Xiang & Liu, Jia-Qi, 2024. "Design and analysis of solar hybrid combined cooling, heating and power system: A bi-level optimization model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    12. Deng, Yan & Liu, Yicai & Zeng, Rong & Wang, Qianxu & Li, Zheng & Zhang, Yu & Liang, Heng, 2021. "A novel operation strategy based on black hole algorithm to optimize combined cooling, heating, and power-ground source heat pump system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    13. Ren, Xin-Yu & Wang, Zhi-Hua & Li, Ling-Ling, 2025. "Coordinated optimization of a novel integrated energy system considering ground source heat pump, organic Rankine cycle and power-to-gas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    14. Luqing Zhang & Aikang Chen & Han Gu & Xitian Wang & Da Xie & Chenghong Gu, 2019. "Planning of the Multi-Energy Circular System Coupled with Waste Processing Base: A Case from China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-17, October.
    15. Ahn, Hyeunguk & Rim, Donghyun & Freihaut, James D., 2018. "Performance assessment of hybrid chiller systems for combined cooling, heating and power production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 501-512.
    16. Wang, Jiangjiang & Liu, Yi & Ren, Fukang & Lu, Shuaikang, 2020. "Multi-objective optimization and selection of hybrid combined cooling, heating and power systems considering operational flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    17. Cao, Tao & Hwang, Yunho & Radermacher, Reinhard, 2017. "Development of an optimization based design framework for microgrid energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 340-351.
    18. Ai, Tianchao & Chen, Hongwei & Zhong, Fanghao & Jia, Jiandong & Song, Yangfan, 2023. "Multi-objective optimization of a novel CCHP system with organic flash cycle based on different operating strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    19. Ren, Fukang & Lin, Xiaozhen & Wei, Ziqing & Zhai, Xiaoqiang & Yang, Jianrong, 2022. "A novel planning method for design and dispatch of hybrid energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    20. Tao Zhang & Minli Wang & Peihong Wang & Junyu Liang, 2020. "Optimal Design of a Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power System and Its Ability to Adapt to Uncertainty," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-17, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:327:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225019371. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.