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Maximizing electric vehicle efficiency: Integrating direct torque control for two-wheel drive system using performance enhancing approach

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  • Maheswari, Neelam
  • Sahaya, Jessi
  • Rama Mohan, Palani
  • Joselin Jeya Sheela, J.

Abstract

The transition to electrified transportation has become essential to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and combat climate change. This paper presents an energy management scheme combining an Improved Osprey Optimization Algorithm (IOOA) and a Binarized Single-Spike Supervised Spiking Neural Network (BS4NN), referred to as the IOOA-BS4NN approach. The proposed system utilizes Fuel Cells (FC), Super capacitors (SC), and Batteries to optimize performance. IOOA minimizes energy consumption, while BS4NN predicts torque fluctuations. MATLAB/Simulink simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, achieving a 97 % efficiency compared to 87 % for Heap-Based Optimizer (HBO), 77 % for Nomadic People Optimizer (NPO), and 67 % for Wild Horse Optimizer (WHO). Fuel consumption is reduced to 54 Ipm from 64 Ipm (HBO), 74 Ipm (NPO), and 84 Ipm (WHO). Air consumption is minimized to 50 Ipm, outperforming HBO (60 Ipm), NPO (70 Ipm), and WHO (80 Ipm). These results highlight significant reductions in power usage, fuel, and air consumption, establishing IOOA-BS4NN as a superior solution for enhancing energy efficiency and environmental sustainability in electric vehicles (EVs).

Suggested Citation

  • Maheswari, Neelam & Sahaya, Jessi & Rama Mohan, Palani & Joselin Jeya Sheela, J., 2025. "Maximizing electric vehicle efficiency: Integrating direct torque control for two-wheel drive system using performance enhancing approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:324:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225008795
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135237
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sun, Binbin & Li, Bo & Xing, Jilei & Yu, Xiao & Xie, Mengxue & Hu, Zihao, 2024. "Analysis of the influence of electric flywheel and electromechanical flywheel on electric vehicle economy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    2. Yuan, Yongliang & Yang, Qingkang & Ren, Jianji & Mu, Xiaokai & Wang, Zhenxi & Shen, Qianlong & Zhao, Wu, 2024. "Attack-defense strategy assisted osprey optimization algorithm for PEMFC parameters identification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
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