Geometric optimization of multi-perforated dew-point indirect evaporative coolers: A multi-objective approach

As global energy demands rise, the need for efficient and environmentally friendly cooling technologies becomes increasingly critical. This study focuses on the modeling, control and optimization of a multi-perforated dew-point indirect evaporative cooler, a promising solution for sustainable cooling. Unlike traditional dew-point evaporative coolers, the complex airflow dynamics in multi-perforated designs pose significant modeling challenges. Advanced computational fluid dynamics simulations were employed to accurately model interactions of airflow, heat transfer and moisture transport. Under specific geometric and operational conditions, reverse airflow, an undesirable phenomenon contrary to the operating principle of cooler, was observed. To address this issue, a novel logistic-based algorithm was developed, enabling effective control of reverse airflow and ensuring optimal performance. This algorithm was able to predict the likelihood of reverse airflow with 99.11 % accuracy. Additionally, multi-objective optimization was conducted with scenarios created to optimize performance based on various demands, such as minimizing outlet air temperature, maximizing cooling capacity, minimizing water consumption, and maximizing the coefficient of performance. The optimization results indicated that the ideal geometric features depend on the specific optimization scenario. This study provides valuable insights into the design and application of multi-perforated dew-point coolers and offers practical methods for optimizing their performance under diverse operational conditions.