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Torrefaction of fruit waste seed and shells for biofuel production with reduced CO2 emission

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  • Lin, Yi-Li
  • Zheng, Nai-Yun

Abstract

This study investigated the torrefaction of fruit waste of Mangifera indica seeds (MIse) and Passiflora edulis shells (PEsh) at different temperatures (210–300 °C) and reaction times (30 and 60 min) to produce biochar as an ecofriendly renewable energy resource. The results confirmed that the torrefaction temperature had a greater influence on the torrefied biomass than the torrefaction times. With the increase in the torrefaction temperatures and times, the H/C and O/C atomic ratios of both biochar were comparable to those of lignite. The thermal stability of PEsh was considerably higher than that of MIse. Moreover, both biochar samples exhibited an increased fuel ratio (FR = 0.02–0.17) and a high energy return on investment (EROI = 11.5–28.5). The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by the combustion of the obtained biochar were considerably lower than those caused by the combustion of coal. Cofiring 10%–20% biochar with coal yielded FRs close to that of bituminous coal and effectively mitigated GHG emissions. In sum, PEsh as a bioenergy feedstock is a feasible partial substitute for bituminous coal in power plants because of its higher fixed carbon content, energy density, FR, and EROI as well as lower GHG emissions compared to MIse.

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  • Lin, Yi-Li & Zheng, Nai-Yun, 2021. "Torrefaction of fruit waste seed and shells for biofuel production with reduced CO2 emission," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:225:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221004758
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120226
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    3. Abdulyekeen, Kabir Abogunde & Umar, Ahmad Abulfathi & Patah, Muhamad Fazly Abdul & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan, 2021. "Torrefaction of biomass: Production of enhanced solid biofuel from municipal solid waste and other types of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    4. Maja Ivanovski & Darko Goričanec & Danijela Urbancl, 2023. "The Evaluation of Torrefaction Efficiency for Lignocellulosic Materials Combined with Mixed Solid Wastes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, April.
    5. Xiaorui Liu & Haiping Yang & Jiamin Yang & Fang Liu, 2023. "Prediction of Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass Based on Back Propagation Neural Network Hybridized with Genetic Algorithm Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-11, February.

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