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Self-discharge of a hybrid supercapacitor with incorporated galvanic cell components

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  • Wang, Y.
  • Qiao, X.
  • Zhang, C.
  • Zhou, Xiangyang

Abstract

Supercapacitors can provide a high specific power and long cycle life but suffer a significant self-discharge limiting their application as a stand-alone energy storage device. A new hybrid supercapacitor with incorporated galvanic cell components was proposed to mitigate the self-discharge problem. The hybrid supercapacitor was similar to a conventional supercapacitor with two active carbon electrodes separated by a polymer electrolyte membrane containing 1.5 M zinc sulfate. However, a zinc foil and a copper foil were used as the current collectors for the negative and the positive electrodes respectively, which can provide a micro-current to compensate the self-discharge current. The hybrid supercapacitor exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 55 F g− 1 and specific energy of 4.51 Wh kg−1 with a charge efficiency of 90%. The capacitance retention of the hybrid supercapacitor was 80% after 2000 cycles. The open circuit voltage of the charged hybrid supercapacitor was stable and declined slightly from initial 0.90 V–0.85 V in a month. The results demonstrate that via replacement of a pair of conventional metal current collectors with a galvanic couple the ubiquitous self-discharge problem can be significantly mitigated and the storage time can be prolonged to meet the requirement for stand-alone applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Y. & Qiao, X. & Zhang, C. & Zhou, Xiangyang, 2018. "Self-discharge of a hybrid supercapacitor with incorporated galvanic cell components," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 1035-1045.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:159:y:2018:i:c:p:1035-1045
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.170
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    1. Piotr Piórkowski & Adrian Chmielewski & Krzysztof Bogdziński & Jakub Możaryn & Tomasz Mydłowski, 2018. "Research on Ultracapacitors in Hybrid Systems: Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Yang, Bo & Wang, Jingbo & Sang, Yiyan & Yu, Lei & Shu, Hongchun & Li, Shengnan & He, Tingyi & Yang, Lei & Zhang, Xiaoshun & Yu, Tao, 2019. "Applications of supercapacitor energy storage systems in microgrid with distributed generators via passive fractional-order sliding-mode control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

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