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The effects of stratified lean combustion and exhaust gas recirculation on combustion and emission characteristics of an LPG direct injection engine

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  • Kim, Tae Young
  • Park, Cheolwoong
  • Oh, Seungmook
  • Cho, Gyuback

Abstract

The combustion and emission characteristics of a stratified lean-burn liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) direct-injection engine are investigated at five representative engine operating points, where passenger vehicles are most frequently operated. A redesigned engine head that makes room for an injection and ignition assembly, comprised of a center-mounted fuel injector and a spark plug positioned in the vicinity of the fuel injector, made the spray-guided LPG lean-burn possible. The experimental results show that the stratified LPG lean-burning achieves a 10.2–27.5% improvement in the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), while reducing NOx emissions by 72.0–83.4% compared to that obtained through homogeneous stoichiometric combustion. Decreased pumping loss and enhanced combustion speed led by the adoption of the stratified lean combustion strategy play a key role in improving the combustion performance. A cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system was also introduced for further reduction of NOx emissions for low engine load conditions It was determined that the most adequate EGR rate of 15% magnifies the benefits of the NOx reduction in the stratified lean-burning, providing additional reductions of 34.4–46.5%. The application of cooled EGR, however, led to slight fuel economy penalties yielding a 1.6–2.5% increase in the BSFC.

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  • Kim, Tae Young & Park, Cheolwoong & Oh, Seungmook & Cho, Gyuback, 2016. "The effects of stratified lean combustion and exhaust gas recirculation on combustion and emission characteristics of an LPG direct injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 386-396.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:115:y:2016:i:p1:p:386-396
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.09.025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maiboom, Alain & Tauzia, Xavier & Hétet, Jean-François, 2008. "Experimental study of various effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion and emissions of an automotive direct injection diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 22-34.
    2. Agarwal, Deepak & Singh, Shrawan Kumar & Agarwal, Avinash Kumar, 2011. "Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on performance, emissions, deposits and durability of a constant speed compression ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(8), pages 2900-2907, August.
    3. Gong, Changming & Huang, Kuo & Deng, Baoqing & Liu, Xunjun, 2011. "Catalyst light-off behavior of a spark-ignition LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) engine during cold start," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 53-59.
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    Cited by:

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    5. Santiago Martinez & Adrian Irimescu & Simona Silvia Merola & Pedro Lacava & Pedro Curto-Riso, 2017. "Flame Front Propagation in an Optical GDI Engine under Stoichiometric and Lean Burn Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, September.
    6. Cheolwoong Park & Taeyoung Kim & Gyubaek Cho & Janghee Lee, 2016. "Combustion and Emission Characteristics According to the Fuel Injection Ratio of an Ultra-Lean LPG Direct Injection Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-12, November.
    7. Gong, Changming & Zhang, Zilei & Sun, Jingzhen & Chen, Yulin & Liu, Fenghua, 2020. "Computational study of nozzle spray-line distribution effects on stratified mixture formation, combustion and emissions of a high compression ratio DISI methanol engine under lean-burn condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    8. Jemni, Mohamed Ali & Kassem, Sahar Hadj & Driss, Zied & Abid, Mohamed Salah, 2018. "Effects of hydrogen enrichment and injection location on in-cylinder flow characteristics, performance and emissions of gaseous LPG engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 92-108.

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