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Lithium-ion batteries for space applications in low earth orbits: Promising Technologies and testing methods

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  • Evshchik, E.Yu.
  • Shikhovtseva, A.V.
  • Kolmakov, V.G.
  • Bugaev, V.I.
  • Valeev, R.L.
  • Voropaev, V.S.
  • Levchenko, A.V.

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are important components of power supply systems for space applications. An important factor in the selection of LIB in this area is the requirement for reliability and fault tolerance during long-term orbital flights. The stringent quality, performance, and safety requirements of LIBs for space applications require special attention to composition of electrodes and electrolytes materials and design considerations not currently found in portable electronics or electric transportation. This review includes an analysis of information on the major components in LIBs for space applications and the rationale for their operational requirements. Special attention is given to the influence of low-Earth orbit conditions on the characteristics of LIB materials in CubeSat-type satellites, because this type of satellite is cheap, easy to manufacture, standardized, and can be used to develop new technological solutions in space. A separate part of the review is devoted to the input control of batteries and the prediction of LIB stability under space conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Evshchik, E.Yu. & Shikhovtseva, A.V. & Kolmakov, V.G. & Bugaev, V.I. & Valeev, R.L. & Voropaev, V.S. & Levchenko, A.V., 2026. "Lithium-ion batteries for space applications in low earth orbits: Promising Technologies and testing methods," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 406(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:406:y:2026:i:c:s0306261925019968
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.127266
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    1. Jalkanen, K. & Karppinen, J. & Skogström, L. & Laurila, T. & Nisula, M. & Vuorilehto, K., 2015. "Cycle aging of commercial NMC/graphite pouch cells at different temperatures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 160-172.
    2. Vaclav Knap & Lars Kjeldgaard Vestergaard & Daniel-Ioan Stroe, 2020. "A Review of Battery Technology in CubeSats and Small Satellite Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-27, August.
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