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Ammonia–methane combustion in tangential swirl burners for gas turbine power generation

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  • Valera-Medina, Agustin
  • Marsh, Richard
  • Runyon, Jon
  • Pugh, Daniel
  • Beasley, Paul
  • Hughes, Timothy
  • Bowen, Phil

Abstract

Ammonia has been proposed as a potential energy storage medium in the transition towards a low-carbon economy. This paper details experimental results and numerical calculations obtained to progress towards optimisation of fuel injection and fluidic stabilisation in swirl burners with ammonia as the primary fuel. A generic tangential swirl burner has been employed to determine flame stability and emissions produced at different equivalence ratios using ammonia–methane blends. Experiments were performed under atmospheric and medium pressurised conditions using gas analysis and chemiluminescence to quantify emission concentrations and OH production zones respectively. Numerical calculations using GASEQ and CHEMKIN-PRO were performed to complement, compare with and extend experimental findings, hence improving understanding concerning the evolution of species when fuelling on ammonia blends. It is concluded that a fully premixed injection strategy is not appropriate for optimised ammonia combustion and that high flame instabilities can be produced at medium swirl numbers, hence necessitating lower swirl and a different injection strategy for optimised power generation utilising ammonia fuel blends.

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  • Valera-Medina, Agustin & Marsh, Richard & Runyon, Jon & Pugh, Daniel & Beasley, Paul & Hughes, Timothy & Bowen, Phil, 2017. "Ammonia–methane combustion in tangential swirl burners for gas turbine power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1362-1371.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:185:y:2017:i:p2:p:1362-1371
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.073
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    1. Taamallah, S. & Vogiatzaki, K. & Alzahrani, F.M. & Mokheimer, E.M.A. & Habib, M.A. & Ghoniem, A.F., 2015. "Fuel flexibility, stability and emissions in premixed hydrogen-rich gas turbine combustion: Technology, fundamentals, and numerical simulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1020-1047.
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    1. Wu, Gang & Lu, ZhengLi & Guan, Yiheng & Li, Yuelin & Ji, C.Z., 2018. "Characterizing nonlinear interaction between a premixed swirling flame and acoustics: Heat-driven acoustic mode switching and triggering," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 546-554.
    2. Huang, Si-Yuan & Zhou, Jin & Liu, Shi-Jie & Peng, Hao-Yang & Yuan, Xue-Qiang, 2022. "Continuous rotating detonation engine fueled by ammonia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    3. Sorrentino, Giancarlo & Sabia, Pino & Bozza, Pio & Ragucci, Raffaele & de Joannon, Mara, 2019. "Low-NOx conversion of pure ammonia in a cyclonic burner under locally diluted and preheated conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    4. Milana Guteša Božo & Agustin Valera-Medina, 2020. "Prediction of Novel Humified Gas Turbine Cycle Parameters for Ammonia/Hydrogen Fuels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-20, November.
    5. Wu, Fang-Hsien & Chen, Guan-Bang, 2020. "Numerical study of hydrogen peroxide enhancement of ammonia premixed flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    6. Mashruk, Syed & Kovaleva, Marina & Alnasif, Ali & Chong, Cheng Tung & Hayakawa, Akihiro & Okafor, Ekenechukwu C. & Valera-Medina, Agustin, 2022. "Nitrogen oxide emissions analyses in ammonia/hydrogen/air premixed swirling flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    7. Hookyung Lee & Min-Jung Lee, 2021. "Recent Advances in Ammonia Combustion Technology in Thermal Power Generation System for Carbon Emission Reduction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-29, September.
    8. Cesaro, Zac & Ives, Matthew & Nayak-Luke, Richard & Mason, Mike & Bañares-Alcántara, René, 2021. "Ammonia to power: Forecasting the levelized cost of electricity from green ammonia in large-scale power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
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    12. Mosevitzky, Bar & Azoulay, Rotem & Naamat, Lilach & Shter, Gennady E. & Grader, Gideon S., 2018. "Effects of water content and diluent pressure on the ignition of aqueous ammonia/ammonium nitrate and urea/ammonium nitrate fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C), pages 300-308.
    13. Pan, Suyang & Ma, Jiliang & Chen, Xiaoping & Liu, Daoyin & Liang, Cai, 2023. "NH3/O2 premixed combustion in a single bubble of fluidized bed," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    14. Byun, Manhee & Lim, Dongjun & Lee, Boreum & Kim, Ayeon & Lee, In-Beum & Brigljević, Boris & Lim, Hankwon, 2022. "Economically feasible decarbonization of the Haber-Bosch process through supercritical CO2 Allam cycle integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    15. Ezzat, M.F. & Dincer, I., 2020. "Energy and exergy analyses of a novel ammonia combined power plant operating with gas turbine and solid oxide fuel cell systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    16. Marco Osvaldo Vigueras-Zúñiga & Maria Elena Tejeda-del-Cueto & Syed Mashruk & Marina Kovaleva & Cesar Leonardo Ordóñez-Romero & Agustin Valera-Medina, 2021. "Methane/Ammonia Radical Formation during High Temperature Reactions in Swirl Burners," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-13, October.
    17. Muhammad Aziz & Agung Tri Wijayanta & Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto, 2020. "Ammonia as Effective Hydrogen Storage: A Review on Production, Storage and Utilization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-25, June.
    18. Sun, Yuze & Rao, Zhuming & Zhao, Dan & Wang, Bing & Sun, Dakun & Sun, Xiaofeng, 2020. "Characterizing nonlinear dynamic features of self-sustained thermoacoustic oscillations in a premixed swirling combustor," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    19. Yellezuome, Dominic & Zhu, Xianpu & Wang, Zengzhen & Liu, Ronghou, 2022. "Mitigation of ammonia inhibition in anaerobic digestion of nitrogen-rich substrates for biogas production by ammonia stripping: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    20. Joanna Jójka & Rafał Ślefarski, 2021. "Emission Characteristics for Swirl Methane–Air Premixed Flames with Ammonia Addition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-19, January.
    21. Skabelund, Brent B. & Stechel, Ellen B. & Milcarek, Ryan J., 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of a gas turbine utilizing ternary CH4/H2/NH3 fuel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    22. Al-attab, K.A. & Zainal, Z.A., 2018. "Micro gas turbine running on naturally aspirated syngas: An experimental investigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 210-216.
    23. Mustafa Alnaeli & Mohammad Alnajideen & Rukshan Navaratne & Hao Shi & Pawel Czyzewski & Ping Wang & Sven Eckart & Ali Alsaegh & Ali Alnasif & Syed Mashruk & Agustin Valera Medina & Philip John Bowen, 2023. "High-Temperature Materials for Complex Components in Ammonia/Hydrogen Gas Turbines: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-46, October.
    24. Guteša Božo, M. & Vigueras-Zuniga, MO. & Buffi, M. & Seljak, T. & Valera-Medina, A., 2019. "Fuel rich ammonia-hydrogen injection for humidified gas turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    25. Sánchez, Antonio & Castellano, Elena & Martín, Mariano & Vega, Pastora, 2021. "Evaluating ammonia as green fuel for power generation: A thermo-chemical perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).

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