IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v113y2014icp1656-1666.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal sizing, operating strategy and operational experience of a stand-alone microgrid on Dongfushan Island

Author

Listed:
  • Zhao, Bo
  • Zhang, Xuesong
  • Li, Peng
  • Wang, Ke
  • Xue, Meidong
  • Wang, Caisheng

Abstract

An optimal unit sizing method is presented for stand-alone microgrids with practical system and component life-cycle considerations. The proposed method has been applied to the design and development of a real microgrid system on Dongfushan Island, Zhejiang Province, China, consisting of wind turbine generators, solar panels, diesel generators and battery storage units. A genetic algorithm (GA)-based method is used to solve the sizing optimization problem with multiple objectives including the minimization of life-cycle cost, the maximization of renewable energy source penetration and the minimization of pollutant emissions. The actual system configuration and the operating strategy are discussed in detail in this paper, as well as the operational experience regarding the unique microgrid issues observed and lessons learned that may be useful for future microgrid design and development.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Bo & Zhang, Xuesong & Li, Peng & Wang, Ke & Xue, Meidong & Wang, Caisheng, 2014. "Optimal sizing, operating strategy and operational experience of a stand-alone microgrid on Dongfushan Island," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1656-1666.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:113:y:2014:i:c:p:1656-1666
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.09.015
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261913007629
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.09.015?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Niknam, Taher & Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul & Narimani, Mohammad Rasoul, 2012. "An efficient scenario-based stochastic programming framework for multi-objective optimal micro-grid operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 455-470.
    2. Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Bernal-Agustín, José L., 2008. "Multi-objective design of PV–wind–diesel–hydrogen–battery systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(12), pages 2559-2572.
    3. Ren, Hongbo & Gao, Weijun, 2010. "A MILP model for integrated plan and evaluation of distributed energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(3), pages 1001-1014, March.
    4. Hawkes, A.D. & Leach, M.A., 2009. "Modelling high level system design and unit commitment for a microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(7-8), pages 1253-1265, July.
    5. Khan, M.J. & Iqbal, M.T., 2005. "Pre-feasibility study of stand-alone hybrid energy systems for applications in Newfoundland," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 835-854.
    6. Chen, Yen-Haw & Lu, Su-Ying & Chang, Yung-Ruei & Lee, Ta-Tung & Hu, Ming-Che, 2013. "Economic analysis and optimal energy management models for microgrid systems: A case study in Taiwan," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 145-154.
    7. Kaldellis, J.K. & Zafirakis, D. & Kavadias, K., 2009. "Techno-economic comparison of energy storage systems for island autonomous electrical networks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 378-392, February.
    8. Morais, Hugo & Kádár, Péter & Faria, Pedro & Vale, Zita A. & Khodr, H.M., 2010. "Optimal scheduling of a renewable micro-grid in an isolated load area using mixed-integer linear programming," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 151-156.
    9. Kyriakarakos, George & Dounis, Anastasios I. & Rozakis, Stelios & Arvanitis, Konstantinos G. & Papadakis, George, 2011. "Polygeneration microgrids: A viable solution in remote areas for supplying power, potable water and hydrogen as transportation fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4517-4526.
    10. Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Bernal-Agustín, José L. & Yusta-Loyo, José M. & Domínguez-Navarro, José A. & Ramírez-Rosado, Ignacio J. & Lujano, Juan & Aso, Ismael, 2011. "Multi-objective optimization minimizing cost and life cycle emissions of stand-alone PV–wind–diesel systems with batteries storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 4033-4041.
    11. Obara, Shin’ya & Kawai, Masahito & Kawae, Osamu & Morizane, Yuta, 2013. "Operational planning of an independent microgrid containing tidal power generators, SOFCs, and photovoltaics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1343-1357.
    12. Pruitt, Kristopher A. & Braun, Robert J. & Newman, Alexandra M., 2013. "Evaluating shortfalls in mixed-integer programming approaches for the optimal design and dispatch of distributed generation systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 386-398.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Jingrui & Wu, Yihong & Guo, Yiran & Wang, Bo & Wang, Hengyue & Liu, Houde, 2016. "A hybrid harmony search algorithm with differential evolution for day-ahead scheduling problem of a microgrid with consideration of power flow constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 791-804.
    2. Chen, Yen-Haw & Lu, Su-Ying & Chang, Yung-Ruei & Lee, Ta-Tung & Hu, Ming-Che, 2013. "Economic analysis and optimal energy management models for microgrid systems: A case study in Taiwan," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 145-154.
    3. Mazzoni, Stefano & Ooi, Sean & Nastasi, Benedetto & Romagnoli, Alessandro, 2019. "Energy storage technologies as techno-economic parameters for master-planning and optimal dispatch in smart multi energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    4. Chen, Yizhong & He, Li & Li, Jing, 2017. "Stochastic dominant-subordinate-interactive scheduling optimization for interconnected microgrids with considering wind-photovoltaic-based distributed generations under uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 581-598.
    5. Shin, Joohyun & Lee, Jay H. & Realff, Matthew J., 2017. "Operational planning and optimal sizing of microgrid considering multi-scale wind uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 616-633.
    6. Wakui, Tetsuya & Yokoyama, Ryohei, 2015. "Impact analysis of sampling time interval and battery installation on optimal operational planning of residential cogeneration systems without electric power export," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 120-136.
    7. Kuznetsova, Elizaveta & Li, Yan-Fu & Ruiz, Carlos & Zio, Enrico, 2014. "An integrated framework of agent-based modelling and robust optimization for microgrid energy management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 70-88.
    8. Jin, Ming & Feng, Wei & Liu, Ping & Marnay, Chris & Spanos, Costas, 2017. "MOD-DR: Microgrid optimal dispatch with demand response," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 758-776.
    9. Mazzola, Simone & Astolfi, Marco & Macchi, Ennio, 2015. "A detailed model for the optimal management of a multigood microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 862-873.
    10. Naraharisetti, Pavan Kumar & Karimi, I.A. & Anand, Abhay & Lee, Dong-Yup, 2011. "A linear diversity constraint – Application to scheduling in microgrids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4235-4243.
    11. Khodr, H.M. & El Halabi, N. & García-Gracia, M., 2012. "Intelligent renewable microgrid scheduling controlled by a virtual power producer: A laboratory experience," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 269-275.
    12. Mavromatidis, Georgios & Orehounig, Kristina & Carmeliet, Jan, 2018. "A review of uncertainty characterisation approaches for the optimal design of distributed energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 258-277.
    13. Pruitt, Kristopher A. & Braun, Robert J. & Newman, Alexandra M., 2013. "Establishing conditions for the economic viability of fuel cell-based, combined heat and power distributed generation systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 904-920.
    14. Husted, Mark A. & Suthar, Bharatkumar & Goodall, Gavin H. & Newman, Alexandra M. & Kohl, Paul A., 2018. "Coordinating microgrid procurement decisions with a dispatch strategy featuring a concentration gradient," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 394-407.
    15. Bracco, Stefano & Dentici, Gabriele & Siri, Silvia, 2016. "DESOD: a mathematical programming tool to optimally design a distributed energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 298-309.
    16. Fotouhi Ghazvini, M.A. & Morais, Hugo & Vale, Zita, 2012. "Coordination between mid-term maintenance outage decisions and short-term security-constrained scheduling in smart distribution systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 281-291.
    17. Goodall, G.H. & Hering, A.S. & Newman, A.M., 2017. "Characterizing solutions in optimal microgrid procurement and dispatch strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C), pages 1-19.
    18. Elsied, Moataz & Oukaour, Amrane & Gualous, Hamid & Hassan, Radwan, 2015. "Energy management and optimization in microgrid system based on green energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 139-151.
    19. Ioakimidis, Christos S. & Oliveira, Luís J. & Genikomsakis, Konstantinos N. & Dallas, Panagiotis I., 2014. "Design, architecture and implementation of a residential energy box management tool in a SmartGrid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 167-181.
    20. Mavromatidis, Georgios & Orehounig, Kristina & Carmeliet, Jan, 2018. "Uncertainty and global sensitivity analysis for the optimal design of distributed energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 219-238.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:113:y:2014:i:c:p:1656-1666. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.