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The Relationship between Income and Children's Outcomes: A Synthesis of Canadian Evidence

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  • Annie McEwen
  • Jennifer M. Stewart

Abstract

Transferring income to families with children has long been a basic Canadian social policy. Though motivated by a range of goals, a central expectation has been that higher family income will lead to better child outcomes, especially in low-income families. This paper presents a synthesis of Canadian research estimating the effect of household income on measures of child development and well-being. While child outcomes and socioeconomic status (SES) are highly correlated, the effect of income on child outcomes, controlling for other SES factors, is found to be statistically significant but of much smaller magnitude than correlation alone indicates. The paper also discusses key theoretical and methodological issues in this area of research, identifies areas for future research, and draws implications for public policy design.

Suggested Citation

  • Annie McEwen & Jennifer M. Stewart, 2014. "The Relationship between Income and Children's Outcomes: A Synthesis of Canadian Evidence," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 40(1), pages 99-109, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpp:issued:v:40:y:2014:i:1:p:99-109
    DOI: 10.3138/cpp.40.1-SYN
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    Cited by:

    1. Suzani Mohamad Samuri & Bahbibi Rahmatullah & Norazilawati Abdullah & Aslina Ahmad & Zainiah Mohamed Isa & Hamsa Hammed, 2018. "Early Childhood Research Landscape on Children’s Profile: Coherent Taxonomy, Motivation, Open Challenges, Recommendations and, Pathways for Future Research," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(5), pages 1603-1630, October.
    2. Alex Proshin, 2020. "Impact of Child Subsidies on Child Health, Well-being and Parental Investment in Human Capital: Evidence from Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey 2011-2017," PSE Working Papers halshs-02652268, HAL.
    3. Lebihan, Laetitia & Mao Takongmo, Charles-Olivier, 2018. "The impact of universal child benefits on family health and behaviours," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(4), pages 415-427.
    4. Isabelle Laurin & Angèle Bilodeau & Nadia Giguère & Louise Potvin, 2015. "Intersectoral Mobilization in Child Development: An Outcome Assessment of the Survey of the School Readiness of Montreal Children," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-19, December.
    5. Nour Hammami & Yasemin Erdoğan & Frank J. Elgar, 2022. "Socioeconomic Position Mediates the Relationship between Family Social Benefits and Adolescent Life Satisfaction in 25 countries," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 15(5), pages 1761-1775, October.
    6. Anne Blumenthal & David W. Rothwell, 2018. "The Measurement and Description of Child Income and Asset Poverty in Canada," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(6), pages 1907-1933, December.
    7. Alex Proshin, 2020. "Impact of Child Subsidies on Child Health, Well-being and Parental Investment in Human Capital: Evidence from Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey 2011-2017," Working Papers halshs-02652268, HAL.

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