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Demonising Migrants in Contexts of Extremism: Analysis of Hate Speech in UK and Spain

Author

Listed:
  • Darren Lilleker

    (Department of Media and Communication, Bournemouth University, UK)

  • Marta Pérez-Escolar

    (Department of Communication, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Spain)

Abstract

Hate speech has been seen as a problem within democratic societies that has been exacerbated by social media. While platforms claim to moderate content, this proves impossible. Studying popular platforms in the UK and Spain and examining content within community pages dedicated to right-wing parties, we use framing analysis to identify the predominant frames in user comments that contained hate speech against migrants. Our research demonstrates a frequent use of arguments that encourage xenophobic and discriminatory attitudes to flourish. Specifically, we find that immigrants are commonly framed as potential criminals, people who steal resources and erode norms of the dominant culture and traditions. The fact that these frames are commonly used is worrying and indicates xenophobic attitudes exist within both societies under study. However, it is difficult to imagine regulatory systems that would prevent these attitudes from being expressed. Rather, we argue that it is more important to focus on correcting the conditions that cause such attitudes to take hold within a society.

Suggested Citation

  • Darren Lilleker & Marta Pérez-Escolar, 2023. "Demonising Migrants in Contexts of Extremism: Analysis of Hate Speech in UK and Spain," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(2), pages 127-137.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:poango:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:127-137
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Murphy, Justin & Devine, Daniel, 2020. "Does Media Coverage Drive Public Support for UKIP or Does Public Support for UKIP Drive Media Coverage?," British Journal of Political Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 50(3), pages 893-910, July.
    2. Laver, Michael & Benoit, Kenneth & Garry, John, 2003. "Extracting Policy Positions from Political Texts Using Words as Data," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 97(2), pages 311-331, May.
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