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Synergistic root-photosynthesis responses to phosphorus rates optimise grain appearance quality in phosphorus‑efficient rice cultivars

Author

Listed:
  • Jing Cao

    (College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China)

  • Li Wang

    (College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China)

  • Qinyao Meng

    (College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China)

  • Hao Cheng

    (College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China)

  • Xihui Zhao

    (College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China)

  • Guowei Xu

    (College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China)

Abstract

Combining phosphorus management with phosphorus-efficient cultivars is an effective strategy for improving rice quality. To investigate their effects on root characteristics and photosynthetic traits, a pot experiment was conducted with two rice cultivars differing in phosphorus efficient: Liangeng 7 (weakly efficient) and Yongyou 2640 (highly efficient). Four phosphorus rates (0, 0.44, 0.88, and 1.32 g/pot, designated as P0, P1, P2, and P3, respectively) were applied. A significant cultivar-phosphorus interaction was observed. Most root traits (the length, dry weight, volume, total absorption area, active absorption area, oxidation activity, and acid phosphatase activity) and photosynthetic traits (photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance) initially increased and then decreased with increasing phosphorus rates, while the leaf intercellular CO2 concentration showed the opposite trend. Liangeng 7 performed optimally under P2, whereas Yongyou 2640 reached its peak under P1. Compared with Liangeng 7, Yongyou 2640 exhibited better appearance quality, root traits, and photosynthetic parameters. Correlation analysis showed that root length, root physiological activity and leaf photosynthetic parameters (except intercellular CO2 concentration) were significantly negatively correlated with chalkiness degree. These findings demonstrate that matching phosphorus supply to cultivar‑specific efficiency optimises root‑photosynthesis synergy, leading to superior grain appearance quality with less phosphorus input.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Cao & Li Wang & Qinyao Meng & Hao Cheng & Xihui Zhao & Guowei Xu, 2026. "Synergistic root-photosynthesis responses to phosphorus rates optimise grain appearance quality in phosphorus‑efficient rice cultivars," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 72(4), pages 211-227.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:72:y:2026:i:4:id:35-2026-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/35/2026-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Danke Zhang & Yuyang Li & Hairun Li & Haojing Li & Xihui Zhao & Jing Cao & Guowei Xu, 2025. "Phosphorus application rates affect the grain yields of different phosphorus-tolerant rice cultivars by regulating grain filling and leaf senescence characteristics," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 71(5), pages 363-380.
    2. Haojing Li & Hairun Li & Danke Zhang & Mengmeng Jiang & Jing Cao & Guowei Xu, 2025. "Irrigation methods and nitrogen-form interactions regulate starch-metabolising enzyme activity to improve rice yield and quality," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 71(3), pages 185-201.
    3. Xu, Guo-wei & Lu, Da-Ke & Wang, He-Zheng & Li, Youjun, 2018. "Morphological and physiological traits of rice roots and their relationships to yield and nitrogen utilization as influenced by irrigation regime and nitrogen rate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 385-394.
    4. Qi-Xia Wu & Bin Du & Shuo-Chen Jiang & Hai-Wei Zhang & Jian-Qiang Zhu, 2022. "Side Deep Fertilizing of Machine-Transplanted Rice to Guarantee Rice Yield in Conservation Tillage," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-12, April.
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