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Village‐level livelihood security: A case study on a wasteland‐dominated forest fringe region of rural India

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  • Sanjib Mondal
  • Pritam Ghosh
  • Pratima Rohatgi

Abstract

The majority of the Indian population lives in rural areas, and the livelihood security of a wasteland‐dominated and forest‐fringe region in rural India is mostly dependent on primary economic activities. Under this backdrop, understanding the spatial pattern of livelihood security is essential for reducing poverty (Sustainable Development Goal 01) and eradicating spatial inequality in socio‐economic conditions (SDG 10). The study focuses on estimating the magnitude of livelihood security by combining the availability of natural resources, housing, drinking water, and sanitation facilities, economic condition, socio‐cultural condition, and availability of assets using the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) at the village level. The villages situated along the riverside (Shilabati River) of the north‐eastern part revealed a higher degree of livelihood security, whereas forest‐ and wasteland‐dominated central and south‐western parts exhibited a lower level of livelihood security. This demarcation of villages or rural units may help policymakers to frame adequate, sustainable, inclusive micro‐level policies, enhancing socio‐economic sustainability and livelihood security as well as reducing spatial inequality. La mayoría de la población de la India vive en zonas rurales, y la seguridad de los medios de vida de una región rural de la India dominada por las tierras baldías y los bosques depende sobre todo de las actividades económicas primarias. En este contexto, comprender el patrón espacial de la seguridad de los medios de vida es esencial para reducir la pobreza (Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 01) y erradicar la desigualdad espacial en las condiciones socioeconómicas (ODS 10). El estudio se centra en la estimación de la magnitud de la seguridad de los medios de vida mediante la combinación de la disponibilidad de recursos naturales, vivienda, agua potable e instalaciones de saneamiento, la condición económica, la condición sociocultural y la disponibilidad de activos, para lo cual utiliza el Proceso de Jerarquía Analítica (PJA) a nivel de aldea. Las aldeas situadas a lo largo de la ribera (río Shilabati) de la parte nororiental revelaron un mayor grado de seguridad de los medios de vida, mientras que las partes centrales y sudoccidentales, dominadas por los bosques y las tierras baldías, mostraron un nivel inferior de seguridad de los medios de vida. Esta delimitación de las aldeas o unidades rurales puede ayudar a los responsables políticos a elaborar políticas a nivel micro que sean adecuadas, sostenibles e inclusivas, para mejorar la sostenibilidad socioeconómica y la seguridad de los medios de vida, a la vez que reducir la desigualdad espacial. インドの人口の大半は農村部に居住しており、インド農村部の荒廃地が多い森林周辺の地域の生活保障は、主に一次経済活動に依存している。このような状況の下、貧困を削減し[持続可能な開発目標(SDG)1]、社会経済状況における空間的不平等を根絶する(SDG 10)ためには、生活保障の空間的パターンを理解することが不可欠である。本研究は、村レベルでの階層分析法(Analytical Hierarchical Process)を用いて、天然資源、住宅、飲料水および衛生施設の利用可能性、経済状態、社会文化的状態および資源の利用可能性を組み合わせることにより、生活保障の規模を推定することに焦点を当てた。北東部の川岸(Shilabati川)沿いに位置する村では、生活保障レベルが高いが、森林と荒廃地が多い中央部と南西部では生活保障レベルは低いことが示された。このような村や農村部落を区別することは、政策立案者が、適切で持続可能で包括的なミクロレベルの政策を立案し、社会経済の持続可能性と生活保障のレベルを高め、空間的不平等を削減するのに役立つ可能性がある。

Suggested Citation

  • Sanjib Mondal & Pritam Ghosh & Pratima Rohatgi, 2023. "Village‐level livelihood security: A case study on a wasteland‐dominated forest fringe region of rural India," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(5), pages 1019-1036, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:1019-1036
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12552
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    References listed on IDEAS

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