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The spread of urban–rural areas and rural depopulation in central Spain

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  • Juan Luis Santos
  • María Teresa Fernández Fernández

Abstract

Europe faces serious demographic imbalances: increasingly, populations are concentrated in urban areas and their surroundings, while rural areas face depopulation. Thanks to a simple methodology identifying the trends in the different settlement structure, this article explores the causes that can justify the formation of such spatial trends through an econometric analysis. Both phenomena can be considered using central Spain as a case study. The area of more than 8 million inhabitants includes the city of Madrid and can be extended to other regions due to its simplicity and the wide availability of the included explanatory variables. This article categorizes nonurban areas into urban–rural and rural areas using a methodology that enables a historical perspective for the last eight decades. The findings are significant for infrastructure policies and territorial cohesion. Europa se enfrenta a graves desequilibrios demográficos: cada vez más, la población se concentra en las zonas urbanas y sus alrededores, mientras que las zonas rurales se enfrentan a la despoblación. Gracias a una metodología sencilla que identifica las tendencias en la estructura de los distintos asentamientos, este artículo utiliza un análisis econométrico para explorar las causas que pueden justificar la formación de dichas tendencias espaciales. Ambos fenómenos pueden analizarse utilizando el centro de España como caso de estudio. El área de más de 8 millones de habitantes incluye la ciudad de Madrid y puede extenderse a otras regiones debido a su simplicidad y a la amplia disponibilidad de las variables explicativas incluidas. Este artículo clasifica las zonas no urbanas en urbanas‐rurales y rurales, utilizando una metodología que permite una perspectiva histórica de las últimas ocho décadas. Las conclusiones son significativas para las políticas de infraestructuras y la cohesión territorial. ヨーロッパは深刻な人口の不均衡という問題に直面している。人口は都市部とその周辺に集中する一方で、農村部では過疎化に直面している。異なる居住世帯の構成における傾向を特定する簡単な方法を用いて、本稿では、計量経済学的分析により、このような空間的傾向が生じる原因を探る。どちらの現象もケーススタディとしてスペイン中部の例を検討する。800万人以上が住む地域にはマドリード市が含まれるが、その単純さと含まれている説明変数の広範な利用可能性により、他の地域にまで拡大する可能性がある。本稿では、過去80年間の歴史的観点を可能にする方法を用いて、非都市部を都市/農村地域と農村地域に分類する。知見は、インフラ政策と領土一体性に対して意義のあるものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Luis Santos & María Teresa Fernández Fernández, 2023. "The spread of urban–rural areas and rural depopulation in central Spain," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(4), pages 863-877, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:863-877
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12605
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