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Adjustment in Property Space Markets: Taking Long‐Term Leases and Transaction Costs Seriously

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  • Peter Englund
  • Åke Gunnelin
  • Patric H. Hendershott
  • Bo Söderberg

Abstract

Markets for property space adjust only gradually because tenants and landlords are constrained by long‐term leases and transaction and information costs. Not only do rents adjust slowly, but space occupancy, which depends on historical rents, often differs from demand at current rent. This creates “hidden vacancies,” vacancies that will develop in the future if market rent and the space demand driver are unchanged. That is, if current rent is greater/lesser than average rent, then hidden vacancies are positive/negative. Moreover, because of hidden vacancies, open vacancies and rent are not mirror images of each other. Thus it is necessary to estimate both rental and vacancy rate adjustment processes. We do this using annual data for Stockholm offices during the 1977–2002 period and simulate the response of rent and vacancies (open and hidden) to an employment shock.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Englund & Åke Gunnelin & Patric H. Hendershott & Bo Söderberg, 2008. "Adjustment in Property Space Markets: Taking Long‐Term Leases and Transaction Costs Seriously," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 36(1), pages 81-109, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reesec:v:36:y:2008:i:1:p:81-109
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6229.2008.00208.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Zeno Adams & Roland Füss, 2012. "Disentangling the Short and Long-Run Effects of Occupied Stock in the Rental Adjustment Process," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 570-590, May.
    2. Clark, David & Pennington-Cross, Anthony, 2016. "Determinants of industrial property rents in the Chicago metropolitan area," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 34-45.
    3. Michael White & Qiulin Ke, 2014. "Investigating the dynamics of, and interactions between, Shanghai office submarkets," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(1), pages 26-44, March.
    4. Maria Ibanez & Anthony Pennington-Cross, 2013. "Commercial Property Rent Dynamics in U.S. Metropolitan Areas: An Examination of Office, Industrial, Flex and Retail Space," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 232-259, February.
    5. Patric Hendershott & Colin Lizieri & Bryan MacGregor, 2010. "Asymmetric Adjustment in the City of London Office Market," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 41(1), pages 80-101, July.
    6. Hermansson, Cecilia & Lundgren, Berndt, 2022. "What factors matter in rent negotiations? Differences in views between landlords and retail trade tenants," Working Paper Series 22/9, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Real Estate and Construction Management & Banking and Finance.
    7. Patric Hendershott & Colin Lizieri & Bryan MacGregor, 2008. "Asymmetric Space Market Adjustment in the London Office Market," Real Estate & Planning Working Papers rep-wp2008-07, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    8. Nowak Krzysztof, 2020. "Hidden Vacancy Rate as a Part of Office Market Dynamics in Selected Polish Cities," Real Estate Management and Valuation, Sciendo, vol. 28(1), pages 1-12, March.
    9. Jonathan A. Wiley, 2014. "Gross Lease Premiums," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 42(3), pages 606-626, September.
    10. Vanessa Gapriotti Nadalin, 2014. "Residential Vacancy in City Center: The Case of São Paulo," Discussion Papers 1987a, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
    11. Vanessa Nadalin & Danilo Igliori, 2017. "Empty spaces in the crowd. Residential vacancy in São Paulo’s city centre," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 54(13), pages 3085-3100, October.
    12. John McCartney, 2012. "Short and long-run rent adjustment in the Dublin office market," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(3), pages 201-226, April.
    13. Agarwal, Sumit & Ding, Yanhao & Kuang, Weida & Zhu, Xiao, 2023. "Are environmental punishments good news or bad news? Evidence from China," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    14. Dimitrios Papastamos & George Matysiak & Simon Stevenson, 2014. "A Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy and Uncertainty in Real Estate and Macroeconomic Forecasts," Real Estate & Planning Working Papers rep-wp2014-06, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    15. Kazushi Matsuo & Morito Tsutsumi & Toyokazu Imazeki, 2023. "Asymmetric Dynamics of Rent and Vacancy Rates in the Tokyo Office Market," International Real Estate Review, Global Social Science Institute, vol. 26(1), pages 1-41.
    16. N/A, 2012. "Book Review: Building Cycles: Growth and Instability," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(7), pages 1615-1617, May.
    17. Dirk Brounen & Maarten Jennen, 2009. "Asymmetric Properties of Office Rent Adjustment," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 39(3), pages 336-358, October.
    18. Horváth, Áron & Sápi, Zoltán & Révész, Gábor, 2016. "Irodapiaci ciklusok jellemzése a hozam, a bérleti forgalom, az üresedés, a bérleti díjak és az új átadás alapján [Yields, take-up, vacancy, rents and new supply during office-market cycles]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 113-136.

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