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The Value of Control and the Costs of Illiquidity

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  • RUI ALBUQUERQUE
  • ENRIQUE SCHROTH

Abstract

type="main"> We develop a search model of block trades that values the illiquidity of controlling stakes. The model considers several dimensions of illiquidity. First, following a liquidity shock, the controlling blockholder is forced to sell, possibly to a less efficient acquirer. Second, this sale may occur at a fire sale price. Third, absent a liquidity shock, a trade occurs only if a potential buyer arrives. Using a structural estimation approach and U.S. data on trades of controlling blocks of public corporations, we estimate the value of control, blockholders' marketability discount, and dispersed shareholders' illiquidity-spillover discount.

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  • Rui Albuquerque & Enrique Schroth, 2015. "The Value of Control and the Costs of Illiquidity," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 70(4), pages 1405-1455, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:70:y:2015:i:4:p:1405-1455
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/jofi.12207
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Abudy, Menachem & Benninga, Simon & Shust, Efrat, 2016. "The cost of equity for private firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 431-443.
    2. (Meni) Abudy, Menachem & Binsky, Hadar & Raviv, Alon, 2018. "The effect of liquidity on non-marketable securities," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 139-144.
    3. Erwan Morellec & Boris Nikolov & Norman Schürhoff, 2018. "Agency Conflicts around the World," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(11), pages 4232-4287.
    4. Steffen Andersen & Kasper Meisner Nielsen, 2017. "Fire Sales and House Prices: Evidence from Estate Sales Due to Sudden Death," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 63(1), pages 201-212, January.
    5. Wang, Wenyu, 2018. "Bid anticipation, information revelation, and merger gains," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(2), pages 320-343.
    6. Liu, Ruiming & Si, Haiping & Miao, Miao, 2022. "One false step can make a great difference: Does corporate litigation cause the exit of the controlling shareholder?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    7. Leslie Rodríguez-Valencia & Prosper Lamothe-Fernández & David Alaminos, 2023. "The market value of SMEs: a comparative study between private and listed firms in alternative stock markets," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 95-117, March.
    8. Schroth, Enrique & Albuquerque, Rui & Fos, Vyacheslav, 2020. "Value creation in Shareholder Activism: A Structural Approach," CEPR Discussion Papers 14995, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    9. Wang, Wenyu & Wu, Yufeng, 2020. "Managerial control benefits and takeover market efficiency," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(3), pages 857-878.
    10. Albuquerque, Rui & Fos, Vyacheslav & Schroth, Enrique, 2022. "Value creation in shareholder activism," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(2), pages 153-178.

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