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The Double Disadvantage Reconsidered: Gender, Immigration, Marital Status, and Global Labor Force Participation in the 21st Century

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  • Katharine M. Donato
  • Bhumika Piya
  • Anna Jacobs

Abstract

type="main" xml:id="imre12142-abs-0001"> Although women's representation among international migrants in many countries has risen over the last 100 years, we know far less about gender gaps in the labor force participation of immigrants across a wide span of host societies. Prior studies have established that immigrant women are doubly disadvantaged in terms of labor market outcomes in the U.S., Canada, and Israel. These studies suggest an intriguing question: Are there gender gaps in immigrant labor force participation across destinations countries? In this paper, we investigate the extent to which the double disadvantage exists for immigrant women in a variety of host countries. We also examine how marriage moderates this double disadvantage. For the U.S., although we find that immigrant women have had the lowest labor force participation rates compared to natives and immigrant men since 1960, marital status is an important stratifying attribute that helps explain nativity differences. Extending the analysis to eight other countries reveals strong gender differences in labor force participation and shows how marriage differentiates immigrant women's labor force entry more so than men's.

Suggested Citation

  • Katharine M. Donato & Bhumika Piya & Anna Jacobs, 2014. "The Double Disadvantage Reconsidered: Gender, Immigration, Marital Status, and Global Labor Force Participation in the 21st Century," International Migration Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48, pages 335-376, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:intmig:v:48:y:2014:i::p:s335-s376
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/imre.2014.48.issue-s1
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    Cited by:

    1. Silvia Loi & Peng Li & Mikko Myrskylä, 2022. "At the intersection of adverse life course pathways: the effects on health by nativity," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2022-018, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
    2. Guillaume Marois & Patrick Sabourin & Alain Bélanger, 2020. "Implementing Dynamics of Immigration Integration in Labor Force Participation Projection in EU28," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 39(2), pages 339-363, April.
    3. Saasa, Sherinah & Ward, Kaitlin P. & Sandberg, Spencer & Jacobson, Justin, 2021. "Financial hardship, neighborhood cohesion and child externalizing behaviors: An extension of the family stress model among immigrant mothers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    4. Marjan Petreski & Blagica Petreski, 2015. "Dissatisfied, feeling unequal and inclined to emigrate: Perceptions from Macedonia in a MIMIC model," Migration Letters, Migration Letters, vol. 12(3), pages 300-314, September.
    5. Tausch, Arno & Heshmati, Almas, 2016. "Islamism and Gender Relations in the Muslim World as Reflected in Recent World Values Survey Data," IZA Discussion Papers 9672, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Chenoa A. Flippen, 2016. "Shadow Labor," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 666(1), pages 110-130, July.
    7. Bayrakdar, Sait & Guveli, Ayse, 2019. "The educational consequences of migration for women and men. Migrant and Europe-born Turkish origin people compared to non-migrants in Turkey," ISER Working Paper Series 2019-08, Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    8. Moriconi, Simone & Peri, Giovanni & Turati, Riccardo, 2023. "Are Immigrants More Left Wing than Natives?," IZA Discussion Papers 16164, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Catherine Simpson Bueker, 2021. "“It’s Because You Don’t See Yourself as Unequal to Anybody”: Exploring the Segmented Assimilation Model in the Experiences of 1.5- and 2nd-Generation Women in an Elite Public High School," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 791-807, September.
    10. Tausch, Arno, 2016. "Occidentalism, terrorism, and the Shari’a state: new multivariate perspectives on Islamism based on international survey data," MPRA Paper 69498, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Patricia A. McManus & Lauren Apgar, 2019. "Parental Origins, Mixed Unions, and the Labor Supply of Second-Generation Women in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(1), pages 49-73, February.
    12. Laurence, James & Kelly, Elish & McGinnity, Frances & Curristan, Sarah, 2023. "Wages and working conditions of non-Irish nationals in Ireland," Research Series, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), number JR2, June.

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