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The Rapid Development of Bioeconomy Policies in the EU and other Regions of the World

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  • Robert M'barek
  • Justus Wesseler

Abstract

In the European Union, the bioeconomy is very broadly defined, encompassing all sectors and associated services and investments that produce, use, process, distribute or consume biological resources, including ecosystem services. It is seen as a natural enabler and result of the transformation proposed by Europe's sustainable growth strategy, the Green Deal. EU Member States and regions also have strategies to further target the implementation of the bioeconomy. The bioeconomy and its related policies have shown a rapid development in the EU and other regions of the world. In challenging times, the sustainable and circular bioeconomy is a central element in supporting the transition to an economy that is climate‐neutral, while preserving the biosphere. From the global agenda of United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), climate change and biodiversity, several other international organisations, global fora, and private initiatives, all provide knowledge, analyses and perspectives for the bioeconomy. Africa's bioeconomy has a huge potential as a catalyser for advancing towards many SDGs. In North America, the US has recently defined bold goals for biotechnology and biomanufacturing. South American countries foster their enormous agricultural and forestry potential in supporting the bioeconomy, while playing a key role for global climate and biodiversity. The bioeconomy in its different designs is thus an important building block for the global transformation towards a more sustainable economic system. Dans l'Union européenne (UE), la bioéconomie est définie de manière très large pour comprendre tous les secteurs ainsi que les services et investissements associés produisant, utilisant, traitant, distribuant ou consommant des ressources biologiques, y compris les services écosystémiques. Elle est considérée comme un catalyseur naturel et le résultat de la transformation proposée par la stratégie européenne de croissance durable, le Pacte vert. Les États membres et les régions de l'UE disposent également de stratégies visant à mieux cibler la mise en œuvre de la bioéconomie. La bioéconomie et les politiques afférentes ont connu un développement rapide dans l'UE et dans d'autres régions du monde. En ces temps difficiles, la bioéconomie durable et circulaire est un élément central pour soutenir la transition vers une économie neutre pour le climat, tout en préservant la biosphère. Depuis l'agenda mondial des objectifs de développement durable (ODD) des Nations Unies, concernant par exemple le changement climatique et la biodiversité, plusieurs autres organisations internationales, forums mondiaux et initiatives privées, fournissent tous des connaissances, des analyses et des perspectives pour la bioéconomie. La bioéconomie africaine a un énorme potentiel en tant que catalyseur pour progresser vers de nombreux ODD. En Amérique du Nord, les États‐Unis ont récemment défini des objectifs audacieux en matière de biotechnologie et de biofabrication. Les pays d'Amérique du Sud exploitent leur énorme potentiel agricole et forestier pour soutenir la bioéconomie, tout en jouant un rôle clé pour le climat mondial et la biodiversité. La bioéconomie, dans ses différentes conceptions, constitue donc un élément important de la transformation mondiale vers un système économique plus durable. In der Europäischen Union ist der Begriff Bioökonomie sehr weit gefasst und beinhaltet alle Sektoren und damit verbundenen Dienstleistungen und Investitionen, die biologische Ressourcen, einschließlich Ökosystemleistungen, erzeugen, nutzen, verarbeiten, verteilen oder verbrauchen. Sie wird als natürlicher Wegbereiter und als Ergebnis des Wandels gesehen, den die europäische Strategie für nachhaltiges Wachstum, der Green Deal, vorschlägt. Die EU‐Mitgliedstaaten und ‐Regionen haben ebenfalls Strategien, um die Umsetzung der Bioökonomie voranzutreiben. Die Bioökonomie und die damit verbundenen politischen Maßnahmen haben sich in der EU und in anderen Regionen der Welt schnell entwickelt. In schwierigen Zeiten ist die nachhaltige und kreislauforientierte Bioökonomie ein zentrales Element, um den Übergang zu einer klimaneutralen Wirtschaft zu unterstützen und gleichzeitig die Biosphäre zu erhalten. Von den Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) der Vereinten Nationen, über den Klimawandel und die biologische Vielfalt, aber auch andere internationale Organisationen, globale Foren und private Initiativen ‐ sie liefern alle Wissen, Analysen und Perspektiven für die Bioökonomie. Die afrikanische Bioökonomie hat ein enormes Potenzial als Katalysator für die Verwirklichung vieler SDGs zu sorgen. In Nordamerika haben die USA vor kurzem ehrgeizige Ziele für die Biotechnologie und die Bioproduktion festgelegt. Die südamerikanischen Länder fördern ihr enormes land‐ und forstwirtschaftliches Potenzial zur Unterstützung der Bioökonomie und spielen gleichzeitig eine Schlüsselrolle für das globale Klima und die biologische Vielfalt. Die Bioökonomie in ihren verschiedenen Ausprägungen ist somit ein wichtiger Baustein für den globalen Wandel hin zu einem nachhaltigeren Wirtschaftssystem.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert M'barek & Justus Wesseler, 2023. "The Rapid Development of Bioeconomy Policies in the EU and other Regions of the World," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 22(3), pages 5-12, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:22:y:2023:i:3:p:5-12
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12415
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    1. Vincent Smith & Justus H. H. Wesseler & David Zilberman, 2021. "New Plant Breeding Technologies: An Assessment of the Political Economy of the Regulatory Environment and Implications for Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, March.
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