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Trade and ethnolinguistic differences: A replication and extension

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  • Javier Gonzalez
  • Ömer Özak

Abstract

We revisit the role of trade on long‐run inter‐ethnic linguistic differences. Dickens (2022) hypothesized that neighboring languages are more similar when agriculture provides potential gains from inter‐ethnic trade. Since his empirical approach confounds inter‐ and intra‐ethnic trade, we replicate his main analysis using improved measures of potential inter‐ethnic gains from trade. Our results confirm the role of trade in inter‐ethnic linguistic differences while showing the difficulty of disentangling the role of inter‐ versus intra‐ethnic trade. We also provide an open‐source computational framework to replicate both sets of results, which others can use to produce original replicable economic research.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Gonzalez & Ömer Özak, 2026. "Trade and ethnolinguistic differences: A replication and extension," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 64(1), pages 38-53, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ecinqu:v:64:y:2026:i:1:p:38-53
    DOI: 10.1111/ecin.13269
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