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Enhancing Waqf Governance and Management: Aligning Sharīʿah Principles with Public Sector Governance for Enduring Societal Well-Being

Author

Listed:
  • Marziana Binti Abd. Malib

    (Department of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, 78000 Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Ida Rahayu Binti Mahat

    (Department of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, 78000 Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Ruzian Binti Markom

    (Department of Law, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia)

  • Mimi Sofiah Binti Ahmad Mustafa

    (Department of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, 78000 Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Yuhanza Binti Othman

    (Department of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, 78000 Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Abdul Malek bin Md Shah

    (Department of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, 78000 Melaka, Malaysia)

Abstract

Waqf is often viewed in Muslim countries, including Malaysia, as a beneficent tool for promoting socioeconomic well-being and reducing inequality. However, its performance is heavily reliant on effective and transparent governance. Waqf governance in Malaysia continues to face persistent challenges such as suboptimal asset management, lack of efficiency, and limited accountability. Inconsistent, incomplete, and unclear legal provisions, as well as state-specific governance processes, all have a role. The State Islamic Religious Councils (MAIN) are designated as the exclusive trustees of waqf. However, variations in standards and methods have resulted in discrepancies and ambiguities in governance implementation. This study addresses governance standards, procedures, and accountability practices in relation to two major frameworks. Public Sector Governance (PSG) principles and Shariah governance (SG) principles. It employs a qualitative methodology, relying on content analysis of policy papers and semi-structured interviews with experts from selected MAINs. Findings indicate that while waqf governance in Malaysia aligns with PSG principles such as accountability, transparency, and efficiency, implementation is inconsistent and frequently lacks systematic monitoring, risk management, and preventive mechanisms. The study proposes a Waqf Governance Framework that integrates PSG and SG, with emphasis on dual accountability—to Allah (SWT) and to stakeholders—underpinned by principles of integrity, ethical leadership, and the Maqasid al-Shariah. The suggested framework provides MAIN with practical, organized, and operational direction to improve governance effectiveness, enhance trust, and assure the sustainability of waqf assets. This study advances policy and practice by demonstrating how governance integration can protect waqf, provide long-term benefits, and encourage socioeconomic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Marziana Binti Abd. Malib & Ida Rahayu Binti Mahat & Ruzian Binti Markom & Mimi Sofiah Binti Ahmad Mustafa & Yuhanza Binti Othman & Mohd Abdul Malek bin Md Shah, 2025. "Enhancing Waqf Governance and Management: Aligning SharÄ«Ê¿ah Principles with Public Sector Governance for Enduring Societal Well-Being," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(9), pages 4937-4950, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-9:p:4937-4950
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    References listed on IDEAS

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