Navigating Malaysia’s Green Public Procurement Policy: A Sustainability-Driven Review

Green Public Procurement (GPP) is an essential technique for advancing sustainability by including environmental and social factors into public sector acquisitions. Nonetheless, its implementation encounters considerable obstacles, such as insufficient awareness, inadequate legislative structures, and financial limitations, which impede governments and enterprises from wholly adopting sustainable procurement. This study seeks to examine the principal factors affecting GPP adoption, underscore new trends, and pinpoint possibilities to improve procurement practices for sustainability. This research is distinctive due to its utilisation of Scopus AI, an advanced tool that facilitates a thorough and organised examination of scientific literature, policy papers, and international case studies. The findings indicate that although GPP can enhance environmental performance and stimulate business eco-innovation, its efficacy is frequently compromised by cost-centric procurement choices, inadequate institutional backing, and restricted stakeholder involvement. Countries possessing strong legal frameworks and explicit procurement strategies attain superior sustainability results. The research enhances theoretical and practical understanding by employing institutional and resource-based theories in the context of GPP, elucidating its significance in sustainable procurement. It underscores the pressing necessity for enhanced legislation, capacity-building initiatives, and financial incentives to promote GPP implementation. Future research must concentrate on longitudinal studies assessing the effects of GPP legislation and the influence of future technologies, such artificial intelligence and blockchain, on improving sustainable procurement. Confronting these problems will enable governments and enterprises to establish procurement procedures that are more transparent, efficient, and congruent with global sustainability objectives.