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Impact of business cycles on US suicide rates, 1928-2007

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  • Luo, F.
  • Florence, C.S.
  • Quispe-Agnoli, M.
  • Ouyang, L.
  • Crosby, A.E.

Abstract

Objectives: We examined the associations of overall and age-specific suicide rates with business cycles from 1928 to 2007 in the United States. Methods: We conducted a graphical analysis of changes in suicide rates during business cycles, used nonparametric analyses to test associations between business cycles and suicide rates, and calculated correlations between the national unemployment rate and suicide rates. Results: Graphical analyses showed that the overall suicide rate generally rose during recessions and fell during expansions. Age-specific suicide rates responded differently to recessions and expansions. Nonparametric tests indicated that the overall suicide rate and the suicide rates of the groups aged 25 to 34 years, 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years, and 55 to 64 years rose during contractions and fell during expansions. Suicide rates of the groups aged 15 to 24 years, 65 to 74 years, and 75 years and older did not exhibit this behavior. Correlation results were concordant with all nonparametric results except for the group aged 65 to 74 years. Conclusions: Business cycles may affect suicide rates, although different age groups responded differently. Our findings suggest that public health responses are a necessary component of suicide prevention during recessions.

Suggested Citation

  • Luo, F. & Florence, C.S. & Quispe-Agnoli, M. & Ouyang, L. & Crosby, A.E., 2011. "Impact of business cycles on US suicide rates, 1928-2007," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(6), pages 1139-1146.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2010.300010_3
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300010
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    Cited by:

    1. Akee, Randall K. Q. & Feir, Donn. L. & Gorzig, Marina Mileo & Myers Jr, Samuel, 2022. "Native American "Deaths of Despair" and Economic Conditions," IZA Discussion Papers 15546, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Simon Bilo, 2018. "The international business cycle as intertemporal coordination failure," The Review of Austrian Economics, Springer;Society for the Development of Austrian Economics, vol. 31(1), pages 27-49, March.
    3. Claveria, Oscar, 2022. "Global economic uncertainty and suicide: Worldwide evidence," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    4. Luca Salvati & Margherita Carlucci & Pere Serra & Ilaria Zambon, 2019. "Demographic Transitions and Socioeconomic Development in Italy, 1862–2009: A Brief Overview," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, January.
    5. José A. Tapia Granados & Edward L. Ionides, 2017. "Population health and the economy: Mortality and the Great Recession in Europe," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(12), pages 219-235, December.
    6. Cumhur ERDEM & Mehmet DİNÇ, 2022. "The Socioeconomic Determinants of Suicide: A Panel Data Analysis," Yildiz Social Science Review, Yildiz Technical University, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12.
    7. Giri, Jeeten Krishna & Kumaresan, Talitha, 2021. "The business cycle, health behavior, and chronic disease: A study over Three decades," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    8. Wen-Yi Chen & Tsangyao Chang & Yu-Hui Lin, 2018. "Investigating the Persistence of Suicide in the United States: Evidence from the Quantile Unit Root Test," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 135(2), pages 813-833, January.

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