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The Effect of Entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters on Retail Grocery Concentration

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  • Martens, Bobby J.

Abstract

The U.S. retail grocery industry shifted from an industry dominated by small grocers serving local markets to one characterized by large retailers present in international markets. Average retail grocery concentration as measured by CR4 increased from 19.9 in 1997 to 31.0 in 2002 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000; 2005). Wal-Mart’s tremendous growth is the catalyst to this change, but little is known about Wal-Mart’s effect on market concentration. This analysis evaluates the effects of de novo entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters on retail grocery concentration. The effect of Wal-Mart Supercenters on changes in retail grocery concentration is estimated using econometric modeling. The results show that existing Wal-Mart Supercenter operations and entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters significantly increase the rate of change in retail grocery concentration.

Suggested Citation

  • Martens, Bobby J., 2008. "The Effect of Entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters on Retail Grocery Concentration," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 39(3), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:jlofdr:55981
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.55981
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    Cited by:

    1. Volpe, Richard J., III, 2011. "Evaluating the Performance of U.S. Supermarkets: Pricing Strategies, Competition from Hypermarkets, and Private Labels," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 36(3), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Volpe, Richard J. & Cho, Clare, 2017. "Market Structure Determinants of Performance for Independent Supermarkets," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258546, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Zipitría, Leandro, 2011. "Impacto económico del Supermercadismo [The Economics of Supermarkets: A Brief Literature Review]," MPRA Paper 28419, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Bonfrer, André & Chintagunta, Pradeep & Dhar, Sanjay, 2022. "Retail store formats, competition and shopper behavior: A Systematic review," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 98(1), pages 71-91.
    5. Rahkovsky Ilya & Volpe Richard, 2018. "Structure and Food Price Inflation," Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, January.

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    Keywords

    Agribusiness; Industrial Organization;

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